मार्जार

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit मार्जार (mārjāra). Doublet of मांजर (mānj̈ar).

Noun

मार्जार • (mārjār) m

1. domestic cat

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “मार्जार”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• मार्जाल (mārjāla)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• মাৰ্জাৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬫᬵᬃᬚᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• মার্জার (Bengali script)
• 𑰦𑰯𑰨𑰿𑰕𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀫𑀸𑀭𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• မာရ်္ဇာရ (Burmese script)
• માર્જાર (Gujarati script)
• ਮਾਰ੍ਜਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌮𑌾𑌰𑍍𑌜𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦩꦴꦂꦗꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂧𑂰𑂩𑂹𑂔𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಮಾರ್ಜಾರ (Kannada script)
• មាជ៌ារ (Khmer script)
• ມາຣ຺ຊາຣ (Lao script)
• മാര്ജാര (Malayalam script)
• ᠮᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᡯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘦𑘰𑘨𑘿𑘕𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠮᠠᢗᠷᠽᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧆𑧑𑧈𑧠𑦵𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐩𑐵𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ମାର୍ଜାର (Odia script)
• ꢪꢵꢬ꣄ꢙꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆩𑆳𑆫𑇀𑆘𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖦𑖯𑖨𑖿𑖕𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• මාර්‍ජාර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩴𑩛𑩼 𑪙𑩣𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚢𑚭𑚤𑚶𑚑𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
• மார்ஜார (Tamil script)
• మార్జార (Telugu script)
• มารฺชาร (Thai script)
• མཱ་རྫཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒧𑒰𑒩𑓂𑒖𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨢𑨊𑨫𑩇𑨥𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃merǵ-

Sanskrit मृज् (mṛj)?

Sanskrit मार्जार (mārjāra)

Unknown. Traditionally said to be from the root मृज् (mṛj, “to wipe”), but that is certainly a folk etymology.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mɑːɾˈd͡ʑɑː.ɾɐ/

Noun

मार्जार • (mārjāra) stem, m

1. cat
   • c. 250 CE – 700 CE, Mārkaṇḍeya Purāṇa 2.60:

     मार्जाराखुभयं यत्र नैषामण्डजजन्मनाम् ।
     श्येनतो नकुलाद्वापि स्थाप्यन्तां तत्र पक्षिणः ॥

     mārjārākhubhayaṃ yatra naiṣāmaṇḍajajanmanām.
     śyenato nakulādvāpi sthāpyantāṃ tatra pakṣiṇaḥ.

     The birds should be kept where these egg-born ones have no fear of the cat and the rat, the hawk and the mongoose too.

2. wild cat
3. civet cat
4. Plumbago indica
5. Terminalia catappa
6. Sesbania grandiflora

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मार्जार (mārjāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	मार्जारः mārjāraḥ	मार्जारौ / मार्जारा¹ mārjārau / mārjārā¹	मार्जाराः / मार्जारासः¹ mārjārāḥ / mārjārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	मार्जार mārjāra	मार्जारौ / मार्जारा¹ mārjārau / mārjārā¹	मार्जाराः / मार्जारासः¹ mārjārāḥ / mārjārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	मार्जारम् mārjāram	मार्जारौ / मार्जारा¹ mārjārau / mārjārā¹	मार्जारान् mārjārān
Instrumental	मार्जारेण mārjāreṇa	मार्जाराभ्याम् mārjārābhyām	मार्जारैः / मार्जारेभिः¹ mārjāraiḥ / mārjārebhiḥ¹
Dative	मार्जाराय mārjārāya	मार्जाराभ्याम् mārjārābhyām	मार्जारेभ्यः mārjārebhyaḥ
Ablative	मार्जारात् mārjārāt	मार्जाराभ्याम् mārjārābhyām	मार्जारेभ्यः mārjārebhyaḥ
Genitive	मार्जारस्य mārjārasya	मार्जारयोः mārjārayoḥ	मार्जाराणाम् mārjārāṇām
Locative	मार्जारे mārjāre	मार्जारयोः mārjārayoḥ	मार्जारेषु mārjāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Synonyms

• बिडाल (biḍāla)
• आखुभुज (ākhubhuja)

Derived terms

• मार्जारक (mārjāraka)
• मार्जारकण्ठ (mārjārakaṇṭha)
• मार्जारकरण (mārjārakaraṇa)
• मार्जारकर्णिक (mārjārakarṇika)
• मार्जारकर्णी (mārjārakarṇī)
• मार्जारगन्धा (mārjāragandhā)
• मार्जारगन्धिका (mārjāragandhikā)
• मार्जारन्याय (mārjāranyāya)
• मार्जारमूषक (mārjāramūṣaka)
• मार्जारलिङ्गिन् (mārjāraliṅgin)
• मार्जारिका (mārjārikā)
• मार्जारी (mārjārī)
• मार्जारीक्रमण (mārjārīkramaṇa)
• मार्जारीय (mārjārīya)
• मार्जार्यासन (mārjāryāsana)

 

Descendants

• Pali: majjāra
  • → Thai: มัชชาระ (mát-chaa-rá)
• Prakrit: 𑀫𑀁𑀚𑀸𑀭 (maṃjāra), 𑀫𑀁𑀚𑀭 (maṃjara), 𑀫𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀸𑀭 (majjāra) — Ardhamāgadhī, Jain Māhārāṣṭrī, Śaurasenī (see there for further descendants)

Borrowed terms

• → Marathi: मार्जार (mārjār)
• → Bengali: মার্জার (marjar)
• → Assamese: মাৰ্জাৰ (marzar)

Further reading

• “मार्जार” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 409, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “मार्जार”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 227
• Monier Williams (1899) “Mārjāra”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 813/1.