Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃merǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European edit

Root edit

*h₃merǵ-^[1]

to wipe off, wipe clean

Alternative reconstructions edit

*h₂merǵ-^[2]^[3]
*merǵ-^[4]

Derived terms edit

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃merǵ-‎ (2 c, 0 e)

*h₃mérǵ-ti ~ *h₃mr̥ǵ-énti (athematic root present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmáršti ~ *Hmr̥ȷ́ánti
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hmáršti
    - Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (mar^əzaⁱti, “to touch”)

*h₃mḗrǵ-s-t ~ *h₃mérǵ-s-n̥t (s-aorist)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHmā́rćšat
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmā́rṭṣat
    - Sanskrit: अमार्क्षीत् (amārkṣīt, 3sg.aor.act.), अमार्क्षीः (amārkṣīḥ, 2sg.aor.act.), अमार्क्षम् (amārkṣam, 1sg.aor.act.)

*h₃mḗrǵ-ti ~ *h₃mérǵ-n̥ti (narten-type athematic root present)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmā́ršti ~ *Hmárȷ́ati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmā́rṣṭi ~ *Hmárjati
    - Sanskrit: मार्ष्टि (mārṣṭi, “to wipe, cleanse”)

*h₃mórǵ-e ~ *h₃mr̥ǵ-ḗr (stative)
- Proto-Hellenic: *omórga
  - ⇒ Proto-Hellenic: *omórgnéumi
    - Ancient Greek: ὀμόργνῡμῐ (omórgnūmi, “to wipe (tears)”)

*h₃morǵ-éye-ti (eye-causative)^[2]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmarȷ́áyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmarȷ́áyati
    - Sanskrit: मर्जयति (marjáyati)

*h₃mr̥-né-ǵ-ti ~ *h₃mr̥-n-ǵ-énti (athematic root present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmr̥nášti ~ *Hmr̥nȷ́ánti
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmr̥náṣṭi ~ *Hmr̥njánti
    - Vedic Sanskrit: मृञ्जत (mṛñjata, 3pl.med.)

*h₃mr̥ǵ-tó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hmr̥štás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmr̥ṣṭás
    - Sanskrit: मृष्ट (mṛṣṭa)

References edit

^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₃merǵ-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 646
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂merĝ-⁰”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 280-281
^ Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page 2251: “*h₂merĝ-”
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. merg̑-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 738

[1] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₃merǵ-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 646

[LIV-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂merĝ-⁰”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 280-281

[3] Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page 2251: “*h₂merĝ-”

[4] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. merg̑-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 738

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