युध्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• योध् (yodh)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• যুধ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬬᬸᬥ᭄ (Balinese script)
• যুধ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰧𑰲𑰠𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀬𑀼𑀥𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ယုဓ် (Burmese script)
• યુધ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਯੁਧ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌯𑍁𑌧𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦪꦸꦣ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂨𑂳𑂡𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಯುಧ್ (Kannada script)
• យុធ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຍຸຘ຺ (Lao script)
• യുധ് (Malayalam script)
• ᠶᡠᢡ (Manchu script)
• 𑘧𑘳𑘠𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠶ᠋ᠤᢑᠾ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧇𑧔𑧀𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐫𑐸𑐢𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଯୁଧ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢫꢸꢤ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆪𑆶𑆣𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖧𑖲𑖠𑖿 (Siddham script)
• යුධ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩻𑩒𑩮 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚣𑚰𑚜𑚶 (Takri script)
• யுத்⁴ (Tamil script)
• యుధ్ (Telugu script)
• ยุธฺ (Thai script)
• ཡུ་དྷ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒨𑒳𑒡𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨪𑨃𑨜𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hyúts, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyúdʰs.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /júdʱ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /jud̪ʱ/

Noun

युध् • (yúdh) stem, f

1. war, battle, fight, combat
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.91.21:

     अषा॑ळ्हं यु॒त्सु पृत॑नासु॒ पप्रिं॑ स्व॒र्षाम॒प्सां वृ॒जन॑स्य गो॒पाम् ।
     भ॒रे॒षु॒जां सु॑क्षि॒तिं सु॒श्रव॑सं॒ जय॑न्तं॒ त्वामनु॑ मदेम सोम ॥

     áṣāḷhaṃ yutsú pṛ́tanāsu pápriṃ svarṣā́mapsā́ṃ vṛjánasya gopā́m .
     bhareṣujā́ṃ sukṣitíṃ suśrávasaṃ jáyantaṃ tvā́mánu madema soma .

     Invincible in fight, saver in battles, guard of our camp, winner of light and water,
     Born amid hymns, well-housed, exceeding famous, victor, in thee will we rejoice, O Soma.

Declension

Feminine root-stem declension of युध् (yúdh)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	युत् yút	युधौ / युधा¹ yúdhau / yúdhā¹	युधः yúdhaḥ
Vocative	युत् yút	युधौ / युधा¹ yúdhau / yúdhā¹	युधः yúdhaḥ
Accusative	युधम् yúdham	युधौ / युधा¹ yúdhau / yúdhā¹	युधः yúdhaḥ
Instrumental	युधा yudhā́	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyā́m	युद्भिः yudbhíḥ
Dative	युधे yudhé	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyā́m	युद्भ्यः yudbhyáḥ
Ablative	युधः yudháḥ	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyā́m	युद्भ्यः yudbhyáḥ
Genitive	युधः yudháḥ	युधोः yudhóḥ	युधाम् yudhā́m
Locative	युधि yudhí	युधोः yudhóḥ	युत्सु yutsú
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

युध् • (yudh) stem, m

1. fighter, warrior, hero

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of युध् (yudh)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	युत् yut	युधौ / युधा¹ yudhau / yudhā¹	युधः yudhaḥ
Vocative	युत् yut	युधौ / युधा¹ yudhau / yudhā¹	युधः yudhaḥ
Accusative	युधम् yudham	युधौ / युधा¹ yudhau / yudhā¹	युधः yudhaḥ
Instrumental	युधा yudhā	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyām	युद्भिः yudbhiḥ
Dative	युधे yudhe	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyām	युद्भ्यः yudbhyaḥ
Ablative	युधः yudhaḥ	युद्भ्याम् yudbhyām	युद्भ्यः yudbhyaḥ
Genitive	युधः yudhaḥ	युधोः yudhoḥ	युधाम् yudhām
Locative	युधि yudhi	युधोः yudhoḥ	युत्सु yutsu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira, “firm in battle”)

Root

युध् • (yudh)

1. to fight, battle

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root युध्‎ (0 c, 4 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• युध्यते (yúdhyate, Present)
• युध्यति (yúdhyati, Present)
• योधति (yódhati, Present)
• योत्सि (yótsi, Present)
• योत्स्यति (yotsyáti, Future)
• योद्धा (yoddhā́, Periphrastic Future)
• अयोत्सीत् (áyotsīt, Aorist)
• अयोधीत् (áyodhīt, Aorist)
• युयोध (yuyódha, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• युध्यते (yudhyáte, Passive)
• योधयति (yodháyati, Causative)
• अयूयुधत् (áyūyudhat, Causative Aorist)
• योध्यते (yodhyate, Passive of Causative)
• युयुत्सति (yúyutsati, Desiderative)
• युयुत्सयति (yuyutsayati, Causative of Desiderative)
• योयुध्यते (yoyudhyate, Intensive)
• योयोद्धि (yoyoddhi, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• योद्धुम् (yoddhum, Infinitive)
• युधम् (yudham, Infinitive)
• युधे (yudhé, Infinitive)
• युधये (yudháye, Infinitive)
• युध्य (yudhya, Gerund)
• युद्ध्वी (yuddhvī, Gerund)
• योध्य (yódhya, Gerundive)
• योद्धव्य (yoddhavya, Gerundive)
• योधनीय (yodhanī́ya, Gerundive)
• युद्धा (yuddhā́, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• युध् (yúdh)
• युध (yudha)
• युध्य (yudhya)
• युधि (yudhi)
• युधेन्य (yudhénya)
• युध्म (yudhmá)
• युध्वन् (yúdhvan)
• योध (yodhá)
• योधक (yodhaka)
• योधिन् (yodhin)
• योधन (yodhana)
• योधुक (yodhuka)
• योधीयस् (yódhīyas)
• योद्धृ (yoddhṛ)
• युयुधि (yúyudhi)
• यूयुधि (yū́yudhi)
• यवीयुध् (yavī́yudh)
• युयुत्सा (yuyutsā)
• युत्सा (yutsā)
• युयुत्सु (yuyutsu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “युध्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 854/3.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 133
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 418-419