शरद्
Hindi edit
Alternative forms edit
- शरत् (śarat)
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Sanskrit शरद् (śarád), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts. Doublet of साल (sāl), a borrowing from Persian.
Noun edit
शरद् • (śarad) f (Urdu spelling شرد)
- autumn, fall (specifically, the two months succeeding the summer monsoons)
- आनेवाला शरद् ऋतु बहुत ठंडा होगा।
- ānevālā śarad ŕtu bahut ṭhaṇḍā hogā.
- The coming autumn season will be very cold.
Declension edit
Declension of शरद् (fem cons-stem)
Synonyms edit
- पतझड़ (patjhaṛ)
References edit
- Bahri, Hardev (1989) “शरद्”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “शरद्”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit edit
Alternative forms edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- শৰদ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬭᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
- শরদ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰨𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀭𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ၐရဒ် (Burmese script)
- શરદ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਰਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌰𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦫꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂩𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ಶರದ್ (Kannada script)
- ឝរទ៑ (Khmer script)
- ຨຣທ຺ (Lao script)
- ശരദ് (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠᡵᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘨𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᠷᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧈𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐬𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଶରଦ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢯꢬꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆫𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖨𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
- ශරද් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩼𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚤𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
- ஶரத்³ (Tamil script)
- శరద్ (Telugu script)
- ศรทฺ (Thai script)
- ཤ་ར་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒩𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨫𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śarHáts ~ *śarHdás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHád- (“autumn, year”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁- (“to warm up, be hot”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sarəδa, “year”), Old Persian 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /θrda/, “year”) (whence Persian سال (sâl, “year”)), as well as perhaps Latin caleō (“to be warm”) and Latvian silts (“warm”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
शरद् • (śarád) stem, f
- autumn, autumnal season comprising the two months अश्विन् (aśvin) and कार्त्तिक (kārttika)
- a year
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.24.7:
- अयं द्योतयदद्युतो व्यक्तून्दोषा वस्तोः शरद इन्दुरिन्द्र ।
इमं केतुमदधुर्नू चिदह्नां शुचिजन्मन उषसश्चकार ॥- ayaṃ dyotayadadyuto vyaktūndoṣā vastoḥ śarada indurindra .
imaṃ ketumadadhurnū cidahnāṃ śucijanmana uṣasaścakāra . - This Indu lighted darksome nights, O Indra, throughout the years, at morning and at evening.
Him have they stablished as the days' bright ensign. He made the Mornings to be born in splendour.
- ayaṃ dyotayadadyuto vyaktūndoṣā vastoḥ śarada indurindra .
- अयं द्योतयदद्युतो व्यक्तून्दोषा वस्तोः शरद इन्दुरिन्द्र ।
Descendants edit
- Assamese: শৰৎ (xorot)
- Bengali: শরৎ (śorot)
- Pali: sarada
- Khmer: សរទៈ (saʼraʼtĕəʼ)
- Dardic:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀭𑀬 (saraya)
- Pali: sarada
- → Hindi: शरद् (śarad), शरत् (śarat) (literary borrowing)
- → Telugu: శరత్తు (śarattu)
See also edit
| Seasons in Sanskrit · ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) (layout · text) · category | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| कुसुमाकर (kusumākara, “spring”) | ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, “summer”) | शरद् (śarad, “autumn”) | हिम (hima, “winter”) |
References edit
- Apte, Macdonell (2022) “शरद्”, in Digital Dictionaries of South India [Combined Sanskrit Dictionaries]
- Monier Williams (1899) “शरद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1057.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 616
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 304