See also: ऋत and ऋतू

Hindi

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Sanskrit ऋतु (ṛtú). Doublet of रुत (rut), a tadbhava.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ऋतु (ŕtuf (Urdu spelling رتو)

  1. season
    Synonyms: मौसम (mausam), रुत (rut)
    पपीहा वर्षा ऋतु में सदा गाता है
    papīhā varṣā ŕtu mẽ sadā gātā hai.
    The cuckoo always sings during the rainy season.
    भारत में छह ऋतुएँ होती हैं
    bhārat mẽ chah ŕtuẽ hotī ha͠i.
    There are six seasons in India.

Declension

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See also

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Seasons in Hindi · ऋतु (ŕtu) (layout · text) · category
बसंत (basant),
बहार (bahār, spring)
गर्मी (garmī),
ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, summer)
शरत् (śarat),
शरद् (śarad, autumn)
सर्दी (sardī, winter)

References

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Sanskrit

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Alternative scripts

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥túš (fixed period of time, season), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂r̥-tú-s, from *h₂er- (to fit, fix).[1]

Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎 (ratu, period of time), Ancient Greek ἀρτύς (artús, bond), Old Armenian արդ (ard), Latin artus (joint).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ऋतु (ṛtú) stemm

  1. any settled point of time, fixed time, time appointed for any action (especially for sacrifices and other regular worship), right or fit time
  2. an epoch, period (especially a division or part of the year), season
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.53.7:
      आग॑न्दे॒व ऋ॒तुभि॒र्वर्ध॑तु॒ क्षयं॒ दधा॑तु नः सवि॒ता सु॑प्र॒जामिष॑म्।
      स न॑: क्ष॒पाभि॒रह॑भिश्च जिन्वतु प्र॒जाव॑न्तं र॒यिम॒स्मे समि॑न्वतु॥
      ā́gandevá ṛtúbhirvárdhatu kṣáyaṃ dádhātu naḥ savitā́ suprajā́míṣam.
      sá na: kṣapā́bhiráhabhiśca jinvatu prajā́vantaṃ rayímasmé sáminvatu.
      With the year's seasons hath Savitar, God, come nigh: may he prosper our home, give food and noble sons.
      May he invigorate us through the days and nights, and may he send us opulence with progeny.
  3. fixed order, order, rule
  4. the menstrual discharge (in women), the time after the courses (favourable for procreation; according to Bhāvaprakāśa sixteen days after their appearance)
  5. sexual union at the above time

See also

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Seasons in Sanskrit · ऋतवः (ṛtavaḥ) (layout · text) · category
कुसुमाकर (kusumākara, spring) ग्रीष्म (grīṣma, summer) शरद् (śarad, autumn) हिम (hima, winter)

Declension

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Masculine u-stem declension of ऋतु (ṛtú)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ऋतुः
ṛtúḥ
ऋतू
ṛtū́
ऋतवः
ṛtávaḥ
Vocative ऋतो
ṛ́to
ऋतू
ṛ́tū
ऋतवः
ṛ́tavaḥ
Accusative ऋतुम्
ṛtúm
ऋतू
ṛtū́
ऋतून्
ṛtū́n
Instrumental ऋतुना / ऋत्वा¹
ṛtúnā / ṛtvā́¹
ऋतुभ्याम्
ṛtúbhyām
ऋतुभिः
ṛtúbhiḥ
Dative ऋतवे / ऋत्वे¹
ṛtáve / ṛtvé¹
ऋतुभ्याम्
ṛtúbhyām
ऋतुभ्यः
ṛtúbhyaḥ
Ablative ऋतोः / ऋत्वः¹
ṛtóḥ / ṛtváḥ¹
ऋतुभ्याम्
ṛtúbhyām
ऋतुभ्यः
ṛtúbhyaḥ
Genitive ऋतोः / ऋत्वः¹
ṛtóḥ / ṛtváḥ¹
ऋत्वोः
ṛtvóḥ
ऋतूनाम्
ṛtūnā́m
Locative ऋतौ
ṛtaú
ऋत्वोः
ṛtvóḥ
ऋतुषु
ṛtúṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀉 (uu)
  • Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Pali: utu

Borrowed terms

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References

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  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “ṛtú-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 257

Further reading

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