शर्करा
Hindi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā). Doublet of शक्कर (śakkar). Cognate of English sugar.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editशर्करा • (śarkarā) f (Urdu spelling شرکرا)
- (formal) sugar (granulated or candied)
- (chemistry) glucose, saccharose
Declension
editDeclension of शर्करा (fem ā-stem)
References
edit- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “शर्करा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit शर्करा (śarkarā).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editशर्करा • (śarkarā) f
References
edit- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शर्करा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
Sanskrit
editAlternative forms
editAlternative scripts
- শৰ্কৰা (Assamese script)
- ᬰᬃᬓᬭᬵ (Balinese script)
- শর্করা (Bengali script)
- 𑰫𑰨𑰿𑰎𑰨𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀰𑀭𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ၐရ်္ကရာ (Burmese script)
- શર્કરા (Gujarati script)
- ਸ਼ਰ੍ਕਰਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌶𑌰𑍍𑌕𑌰𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦯꦂꦏꦫꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂬𑂩𑂹𑂍𑂩𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಶರ್ಕರಾ (Kannada script)
- ឝក៌រា (Khmer script)
- ຨຣ຺ກຣາ (Lao script)
- ശര്കരാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡧᠠᡵᡬᠠᡵᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘫𑘨𑘿𑘎𑘨𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᠱᠠᠷᢉᠠᠷᠠ᠋ᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧋𑧈𑧠𑦮𑧈𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐱𑐬𑑂𑐎𑐬𑐵 (Newa script)
- ଶର୍କରା (Odia script)
- ꢯꢬ꣄ꢒꢬꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆯𑆫𑇀𑆑𑆫𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖫𑖨𑖿𑖎𑖨𑖯 (Siddham script)
- ශර්කරා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩿𑩼 𑪙𑩜𑩼𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚧𑚤𑚶𑚊𑚤𑚭 (Takri script)
- ஶர்கரா (Tamil script)
- శర్కరా (Telugu script)
- ศรฺกรา (Thai script)
- ཤ་རྐ་རཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒬𑒩𑓂𑒏𑒩𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨮𑨫𑩇𑨋𑨫𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“gravel, boulder”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē, “pebbles”), whence English crocodile.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editशर्करा • (śárkarā) stem, f
- gravel, grit, pebbles, shingle, gravelly mould or soil (mostly plural)
- gravel (as a disease)
- hardening of the flesh
- hardening of the ear-wax
- ground or candied sugar
- a fragment or piece of broken earthenware, potsherd
- cotton sugar, sugarmaple
Declension
editFeminine ā-stem declension of शर्करा (śárkarā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | शर्करा śárkarā |
शर्करे śárkare |
शर्कराः śárkarāḥ |
Vocative | शर्करे śárkare |
शर्करे śárkare |
शर्कराः śárkarāḥ |
Accusative | शर्कराम् śárkarām |
शर्करे śárkare |
शर्कराः śárkarāḥ |
Instrumental | शर्करया / शर्करा¹ śárkarayā / śárkarā¹ |
शर्कराभ्याम् śárkarābhyām |
शर्कराभिः śárkarābhiḥ |
Dative | शर्करायै śárkarāyai |
शर्कराभ्याम् śárkarābhyām |
शर्कराभ्यः śárkarābhyaḥ |
Ablative | शर्करायाः / शर्करायै² śárkarāyāḥ / śárkarāyai² |
शर्कराभ्याम् śárkarābhyām |
शर्कराभ्यः śárkarābhyaḥ |
Genitive | शर्करायाः / शर्करायै² śárkarāyāḥ / śárkarāyai² |
शर्करयोः śárkarayoḥ |
शर्कराणाम् śárkarāṇām |
Locative | शर्करायाम् śárkarāyām |
शर्करयोः śárkarayoḥ |
शर्करासु śárkarāsu |
Notes |
|
Borrowed terms
edit- → Bengali: শর্করা (śorkora)
- → Gujarati: શર્કરા (śarkarā)
- → Hindi: शर्करा (śarkarā)
- → Kannada: ಸಕ್ಕರೆ (sakkare), ಶರ್ಕರೆ (śarkare)
- → Malayalam: ശർക്കര (śaṟkkara), ചക്കര (cakkara)
- → Old Javanese: sarkara
- → Tamil: சர்க்கரை (carkkarai), சக்கரை (cakkarai) — colloquial
- → Telugu: చక్కెర (cakkera)
- → Nihali: सक्रय
Descendants
edit- Gandhari: 𐨭𐨐𐨪 (śakara)
- → Middle Persian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫢𐫞𐫡 (šqr /šakar/)
- Book Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭪𐭥 (škl /šakar/)
- → Middle Persian:
- Helu Prakrit:
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀓𑀭𑀸 (sakkarā)
- Pali: sakkharā (see there for further descendants)
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi doublets
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi feminine nouns
- Hindi formal terms
- hi:Chemistry
- Hindi feminine ā-stem nouns
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi feminine nouns
- mr:Sciences
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit feminine nouns
- Sanskrit ā-stem nouns