सामना

See also: सामने, सुम्न, समान, सामन्, and सामान

Hindi

Alternative forms

• साम्हना (sāmhanā)

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀳 (saṃmuha), from Sanskrit सम्मुख (sam-mukhá, “facing”). Cognate with Marathi सामना (sāmnā), Punjabi ਸਾਹਮਣਾ (sāhmaṇā), Gujarati સામું (sāmũ) and Odia ସାମନା (samôna). Doublet of सम्मुख (sammukh).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sɑːm.nɑː/, [sä̃ːm.näː]

Noun

सामना • (sāmnā) m (Urdu spelling سامنا)

1. confrontation

   अब तो हमें उनका सामना करना पड़ेगा।

   ab to hamẽ unkā sāmnā karnā paṛegā.

   Now we will have to confront them.

2. opposition, competition

Declension

Declension of सामना (masc ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सामना sāmnā	सामने sāmne
oblique	सामने sāmne	सामनों sāmnõ
vocative	सामने sāmne	सामनो sāmno

Derived terms

• सामना करना (sāmnā karnā, “to confront”)
• के सामने (ke sāmne, “in front of”)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सामना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “सामना”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “सामना”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “सामना”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• “सामना”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “saṁmukhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀲𑀁𑀫𑀼𑀳 (saṃmuha), from Sanskrit सम्मुख (sam-mukhá, “facing”). Cognate with Hindustani सामना / سامنا (sāmnā), Punjabi ਸਾਹਮਣਾ (sāhmaṇā), Gujarati સામું (sāmũ) and Odia ସାମନା (samôna). Doublet of सम्मुख (sammukh).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sam.na/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

सामना • (sāmnā) m

1. match, confrontation

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “सामना”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “सामना”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “सामना”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “saṁmukhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press