ḥqr

Egyptian

Pronunciation

 

• (verb): (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ħaˈqʼaɾ/ → /ħaˈqʼaʔ/ → /ħəˈqʼaʔ/ → /ħəˈqʼaʔ/

• (verb): (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ħaˈqʼaɾ/ (infinitive)
• (verb): (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ħaˈqʼaʔ/ (infinitive)
• (verb): (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ħəˈqʼaʔ/ (infinitive)
• (verb): (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ħəˈqʼaʔ/ (infinitive)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛkɛr/
  • Conventional anglicization: heqer

Verb

 3-lit.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) hungry
   • c. 1944 BCE, (year 17 of the reign of Senusret I), Stela of Mentuwoser (MMA 12.184), lines 11–12:

     nj sḏr z ḥqr.w r dmj.j

     No one went to bed hungry in my district.

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥqr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥqr, geminated stem: ḥqrr

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥqr	ḥqrw, ḥqr	ḥqrt	ḥqr	ḥqr

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥqr	ḥr ḥqr	m ḥqr	r ḥqr

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥqr.n	consecutive	ḥqr.jn
terminative	ḥqrt
perfective3	ḥqr	obligative1	ḥqr.ḫr
imperfective	ḥqr
prospective3	ḥqr	potentialis1	ḥqr.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥqr

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥqr.n	—	—
perfective	ḥqr	ḥqr	ḥqr, ḥqrw5, ḥqry5
imperfective	ḥqr, ḥqry, ḥqrw5	ḥqr, ḥqrj6, ḥqry6	ḥqr, ḥqrw5
prospective	ḥqr, ḥqrtj7	ḥqrtj4, ḥqrt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥqr  

ḥqr

Derived terms

• sḥqr

Descendants

• Coptic: ϩⲕⲟ (hko) (Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, Bohairic)

Noun

 m

1. hunger

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥqr  

ḥqr

Descendants

• Coptic: ϩⲕⲟ (hko) (Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, Bohairic)

Noun

 m

1. hungry man

Inflection

Declension of ḥqr (masculine)

singular	ḥqr
dual	ḥqrwj
plural	ḥqrw

Descendants

• Coptic: ϩⲏⲕⲉ (hēke) (Sahidic, Akhmimic, Lycopolitan)

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 219, 235, 254.
• Gardiner, Alan (1957) Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs, third edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, § 23, page 31