See also: ἅδην and ἁδήν

Ancient Greek

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Beekes suggests Proto-Indo-European *h₁engʷḗn, because *h₁n̥gʷ-ḗn would produce *endḗn by Rix's Law (PIE *HR̥C > Proto-Hellenic *e/a/oRC), and rejects the connection with Latin inguen (groin) and Old Norse økkvenn (thick, clodded).[1]

De Vaan prefers to derive it from Proto-Indo-European *n̥gʷḗn (the naked one), from *negʷ- (naked), preserving the connection with Latin inguen but excluding the Germanic forms.[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ᾰ̓δήν (adḗnf or m (genitive ᾰ̓δένος); third declension

  1. gland
    • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Joints 11:
       [], τοισίδε χρὴ τεκμαίρεσθαι ἀδένες ὕπεισιν ἢ ἐλάσσους ἢ μείζους πᾶσιν ὑπὸ τῇ μασχάλῃ, []
       [], toisíde khrḕ tekmaíresthai adénes húpeisin ḕ elássous ḕ meízous pâsin hupò têi maskhálēi, []

Usage notes

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  • Originally feminine, later masculine.

Inflection

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • English: adeno-, -adenia
  • Greek: αδένας (adénas)
  • Latin: polyadenus

References

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  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀδήν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 21
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “inguen, -inis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 303-304

Further reading

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