ῥέθος
Ancient Greek
editEtymology
editSince the meaning "face, countenance", given as Aeolic by grammarians, is certain, we have to depart from this when explaining the word. Both an older Epic meaning "mouth" and "figure, body" seems possible (compare Latin ōs (“mouth; face”) and faciēs (“figure; face”)). An original meaning "nostril(s)" fits well, and the transition to "face, body" is unproblematic. The word has no convincing etymology. The lack of the ϝ- in Aeolic makes a connection with Sanskrit वर्धते (vardhate, “to grow, thrive”) difficult. Fraenkel's suggestion to connect ῥίς (rhís, “nose, snout”) and ῥέω (rhéō, “to flow”) is neither morphologically nor semantically convincing.
Pronunciation
edit- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /r̥é.tʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈre.tʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈre.θos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈre.θos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈre.θos/
Noun
editῥέθος • (rhéthos) n (genitive ῥέθεος); third declension
Inflection
editCase / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ ῥέθος tò rhéthos |
τὼ ῥέθεε tṑ rhéthee |
τᾰ̀ ῥέθεᾰ tà rhéthea | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ ῥέθεος toû rhétheos |
τοῖν ῥεθέοιν toîn rhethéoin |
τῶν ῥεθέων tôn rhethéōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ ῥέθεῐ̈ tôi rhétheï |
τοῖν ῥεθέοιν toîn rhethéoin |
τοῖς ῥέθεσῐ / ῥέθεσῐν toîs rhéthesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ ῥέθος tò rhéthos |
τὼ ῥέθεε tṑ rhéthee |
τᾰ̀ ῥέθεᾰ tà rhéthea | ||||||||||
Vocative | ῥέθος rhéthos |
ῥέθεε rhéthee |
ῥέθεᾰ rhéthea | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
edit- ῥεθομᾱλῐ́δας (rhethomālídas)
Further reading
edit- “ῥέθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ῥέθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ῥέθος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ῥέθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ῥέθεα in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns
- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
- grc:Anatomy