Japanese edit

For pronunciation and definitions of こくがく – see the following entry.
国学
[noun] The study of ancient Japan, particularly the early Japanese classics, such as the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki. Arose during the Edo period as a move away from the study of Buddhism and (Neo-)Confucianism.
[noun] Schools established in the kuni or provinces of Japan under the old Ritsuryō system.
[noun] In ancient China, schools established in the national capital.
(This term, こくがく, is the hiragana spelling of the above term.)