封建制度

Chinese

		fengjian; feudalism; European feudalism	system; institution
simp. and trad. (封建制度)		封建	制度

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fēngjiàn zhìdù

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓˋ ㄉㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹ gin³ zai³ dou⁶
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hong-kiàn-chè-tō͘ / hong-kiàn-chì-tō͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: fēngjiàn zhìdù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄓˋ ㄉㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fongjiàn jhìhdù
  - Wade–Giles: fêng¹-chien⁴ chih⁴-tu⁴
  - Yale: fēng-jyàn jr̀-dù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fengjiann jyhduh
  - Palladius: фэнцзянь чжиду (fɛnczjanʹ čžidu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: fung¹ gin³ zai³ dou⁶
  - Yale: fūng gin jai douh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹ gin³ dzai³ dou⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung¹ gin³ zei³ dou⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵ kiːn³³ t͡sɐi̯³³ tou̯²²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-kiàn-chè-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hong-kiàn-tsè-tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongkiernzea'do
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-kiàn-chì-tō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hong-kiàn-tsì-tōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hongkierncie'do
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²/

Noun

封建制度

feudal system; feudalism

Synonyms

封建 (fēngjiàn)
封建主義／封建主义 (fēngjiàn zhǔyì) (especially as a concept)
封建制 (fēngjiànzhì)
封建社會／封建社会 (fēngjiàn shèhuì) (especially as a society)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
封	建	制	度
ほう Grade: S	けん Grade: 4	せい Grade: 5	ど Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

封(ほう)建(けん) (hōken, “feudalism”) + 制(せい)度(ど) (seido, “system”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ほーけんせーど [hòókéń séꜜèdò] (Nakadaka – [5])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ho̞ːke̞ɰ̃ se̞ːdo̞]

Noun

封(ほう)建(けん)制(せい)度(ど) • (hōken seido)

feudalism (social system)
Synonym: 封建主義 (hōkenshugi)

References

^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “封建制度”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
封	建	制	度

Noun

封建制度 • (bonggeonjedo) (hangeul 봉건제도)

Hanja form^? of 봉건제도.

[SMK7-1] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKD2-2] “封建制度”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) ‎^[1] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)

[1]

[2]