封

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

EtymologyEdit

丰 ‎(“field, ear of grass”) + 寸 ‎(“control”)

In modern form, left component is written instead as 圭 (土土), with two vertical strokes, rather than as 丰 (one vertical stroke).

Han characterEdit

封 (radical 41 寸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 土土木戈 (GGDI), four-corner 4410₀, composition ⿰圭寸)

1. Counter or measure word for letter, envelope, or e-mail.
2. feudal
3. (literary) to assign a rank of nobility (done in ancient times by the emperor)
4. a surname

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 294, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7426
• Dae Jaweon: page 581, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 504, character 14
• Unihan data for U+5C01

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		封

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fēng (feng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹
• Min Nan (POJ): pang / hong

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: fēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: fêng¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
    • IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fung¹
    • Yale: fūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹
    • IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pang / hong
    • Tâi-lô: pang / hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pafng, hofng
    • IPA (Taipei): /paŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • Note: pang - vernacular, hong - literary.

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 封
Mandarin	Beijing	/fəŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/fəŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/fəŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/fəŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/fəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/fəŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/fəŋ²¹/
	Xining	/fə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/fəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/fə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/fɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/foŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/foŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/foŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/foŋ/
	Nanjing	/fən³¹/
	Hefei	/fəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/xuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/fə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/foŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/foŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/foŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/hoŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/fʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/fan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xoŋ³³/
	Xiangtan	/ɸən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/fuŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/fuŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/fuŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/foŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/fuŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/fuŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/hɔŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hoŋ³³/ /huaŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/foŋ²³/ /ʔbaŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /pɨoŋ/, /pɨoŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	封	封
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	府容切	方用切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨoŋ/	/pɨoŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/pioŋ/	/pioŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/pioŋ/	/pioŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puawŋ/	/puawŋH/
Li Rong	/pioŋ/	/pioŋH/
Wang Li	/pĭwoŋ/	/pĭwoŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯woŋ/	/pi̯woŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fēng	fèng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*p(r)oŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*poŋ/, /*poŋs/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	封
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fēng
Middle Chinese	‹ pjowng ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)oŋ/
English	raise a mound; enfeoff
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	封	封
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3253	3259
Phonetic component	封	封
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	封	葑
Old Chinese	/*poŋ/	/*poŋs/
Notes	甲文同豐金文加又或寸轉註，表封土植木爲封疆

DefinitionsEdit

封

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

CompoundsEdit

• 封墊／封垫

ReferencesEdit

• (Min Nan) “Entry #4868”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

封

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to seal, to close

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: ふう (fū)
• Kan’on: ほう (hō)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

封 • ‎(bong) (hangeul 봉, revised bong, McCune-Reischauer pong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

封 (phong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.