Wiktionary

度

See also: 席 and 庶
度 U+5EA6, 度
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5EA6
← 庥
[U+5EA5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 座 →
[U+5EA7]
度 U+FA01, 度
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA01
← 切
[U+FA00] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 拓 →
[U+FA02]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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度 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈廿水 (ITE), four-corner 00247, composition ⿸广⿱廿又)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 345, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9313
  • Dae Jaweon: page 655, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 880, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5EA6

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 度
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (庶) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
褯 *zljaːɡs
遮 *tjaː
蔗 *tjaːɡs
鷓 *tjaːɡs
樜 *tjaːɡs, *hljaɡs
蟅 *tjaːɡs, *tjaːɡ
嗻 *tjaːɡs
鍍 *daː, *daːɡs
度 *daːɡs, *daːɡ
渡 *daːɡs
庶 *hljaɡs
剫 *daːɡ
踱 *daːɡ
喥 *daːɡ
謶 *tjaɡ
席 *ljaːɡ
蓆 *ljaːɡ
墌 *tjaːɡ
摭 *tjaːɡ
蹠 *tjaːɡ

Originally an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 石 (“rock”) + 又 (“hand”) — hand measuring a piece of rock. Also a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声), with 石 (OC *djaɡ) as a phonetic component. 石 is then corrupted into ⿸广廿.

Shuowen considers it to be a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːɡs, *daːɡ): phonetic 庶 (OC *hljaɡs) + semantic 又.

Compare 庶 (OC *hljaɡs) and 席 (OC *ljaːɡ).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 度

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-twa (“handspan”). Cognate with Tibetan མཐོ (mtho, “span; span of thumb and middle finger”), Burmese ထွာ (htwa, “to measure by a handspan; a quarter yard”), အထွာ (a.htwa, “handspan; quarter yard”), တွက် (twak, “to consider, to reckon; to calculate; to refuse to do things because others would not”), အတွက် (a.twak, “calculation; because of; for the sake of”). It is unclear whether Proto-Mon-Khmer *cɗaʔ (“span; handspan”) (whence Mon ဍ (daˀ, “to measure by spans of thumb and middle finger”)) is related. Related to 圖 (OC *daː, “to plan; to consider; plan; map”).

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character 度
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒故切
Baxter duH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/duoH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/duoH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/doH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɔH/
Li
Rong 		/doH/
Wang
Li 		/duH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱuoH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dou6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 度
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ duH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ˁak-s/
English measure (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 度
Reading # 1/2
No. 11902
Phonetic
component 		庶
Rime
group 		暮
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		渡
Old
Chinese 		/*daːɡs/
Notes 說文庶省聲，實亦石聲
Definitions
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度

  1. linear measure; size; measures
  2. 52nd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "measure" (𝌹)
  3. consideration; thought; expectation
  4. law; standard; rule; convention
  5. extent; limit; quota
  6. tolerance; open-mindedness
  7. degree; level; measure (often used to translate English -ness, -ity)
    深度  ―  shēndù  ―  depth
    長度／长度  ―  chángdù  ―  length
    亮度  ―  liàngdù  ―  brightness; luminance
    可信度  ―  kěxìndù  ―  reliability; believability
    色度  ―  sèdù  ―  color saturation
    鹽度／盐度  ―  yándù  ―  salinity
  8. (graph theory) degree
    入度  ―  rùdù  ―  indegree
    出度  ―  chūdù  ―  outdegree
  9. plan; design; programme
  10. to pass (time); to spend time
  11. to pass (physically); to go over
  12. (Buddhism) to say prayers or perform Buddhist service to release souls from purgatory
    廣度／广度  ―  guǎngdù  ―  to save (sentient beings) universally
  13. (religion) to try to persuade someone to become a monk, nun or Taoist priest
  14. to write; to compose
  15. Classifier for degrees.
    旋轉90度／旋转90度  ―  xuánzhuǎn 90 dù  ―  rotate 90 degrees
    東經120度／东经120度  ―  dōngjīng 120 dù  ―  longitude 120° E
    絕對零度／绝对零度  ―  juéduì língdù  ―  absolute zero
    攝氏20度／摄氏20度  ―  shèshì 20 dù  ―  20 degrees Celsius
    1. (physics) Classifier for kilowatt-hour.
    2. (ophthalmology) Classifier for 0.01 dioptres.
      近視300度／近视300度  ―  jìnshì 300 dù  ―  –3.00 dioptres
    3. Classifier for alcohol concentration: percent
      紅酒酒精十幾度。 [MSC, trad.]
      红酒酒精十几度。 [MSC, simp.]
      Hóngjiǔ jiǔjīng shí jǐ dù. [Pinyin]
      Red wine is around 10% alcohol.
  16. (literary) Classifier for events or occurrences: time
    再度  ―  zàidù  ―  one more time
  17. (Cantonese) Classifier for doors.
    Alternative form: 道
  18. a surname
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 次 (“time (frequency)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 度
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 次, 回, 遍
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 次
Malaysia 次
Singapore 次
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 次
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 次, 回
Guiyang 回
Guilin 回
Liuzhou 回
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 回, 摩, 次
Cantonese Guangzhou 次
Hong Kong 次
Macau 次
Rongxian 次
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 次, 擺
Ipoh (Guangfu) 次, 擺
Singapore (Guangfu) 次, 擺
Bangkok (Guangfu) 次
Betong (Rongxian) 擺
Gan Nanchang 次, 回
Pingxiang 次
Hakka Meixian 擺
Wuhua (Huacheng) 擺
Heyuan (Bendihua) 次
Liannan 次
Jiexi 輪
Changting 回
Wuping 下, 到
Ninghua 回
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 擺, 到
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 擺, 到
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 擺, 到
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 擺, 到
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 擺, 到
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 擺, 回
Hong Kong 次
Senai (Huiyang) 擺
Jin Taiyuan 次
Eastern Min Fuzhou 匝
Southern Min Xiamen 擺, 斗
Xiamen (Tong'an) 擺
Quanzhou 擺, 斗
Anxi 擺
Zhangzhou 擺, 斗
Zhao'an 次, 擺
Tainan 擺, 改, 斗
Penang (Hokkien) 斗
Singapore (Hokkien) 擺
Manila (Hokkien) 擺
Chaozhou 匝, 過
Jieyang 匝, 過, 擺, 昤
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 次, 匝
Singapore (Teochew) 擺, 匝
Leizhou 回
Wenchang 下, 次
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 遍
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 次
Wu Shanghai 次, 埭, 趟, 頓, 遍, 場, 轉, 下
Shanghai (Chongming) 趟, 頓, 場
Suzhou 趟, 頓, 場
Danyang 頓, 場
Hangzhou 埭, 趟, 頓, 通
Ningbo 回, 埭, 卯, 遭 dated, 記
Dialectal synonyms of 扇 (“(classifier for doors)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 扇, 道
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 扇兒
Taiwan 扇
Singapore 扇
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 扇
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 扇, 道
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 扇
Xi'an 扇兒, 扇, 道
Xining 扇, 道
Xuzhou 扇兒, 扇, 道
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 扇
Ürümqi 道
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 扇, 道
Wuhan 扇, 道
Guiyang 扇
Guilin 扇
Liuzhou 扇, 道
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 扇
Yangzhou 扇
Hefei 扇
Cantonese Guangzhou 度
Hong Kong 度
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 隻
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 度
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 隻
Taishan 度
Dongguan 度
Yangjiang 扇
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 扇
Gan Nanchang 扇
Pingxiang 扇
Hakka Meixian 扇, 皮
Yudu 扇
Hong Kong 隻
Senai (Huiyang) 扇
Jin Taiyuan 扇, 道
Xinzhou 扇
Northern Min Jian'ou 扇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 扇
Southern Min Xiamen 扇
Quanzhou 扇
Zhangzhou 扇
Taipei (Wanhua) 扇
Kaohsiung 片
Yilan 扇
Changhua (Lukang) 扇
Taichung 片
Taichung (Wuqi) 扇
Tainan 片, 扇
Taitung 片
Hsinchu 片
Penghu (Magong) 扇
Chaozhou 片
Jieyang 片
Bangkok (Teochew) 片
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 扇
Singapore (Teochew) 片
Leizhou 奇
Haikou 片
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 扇
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 扇
Wu Shanghai 扇
Suzhou 扇
Ningbo 扇
Wenzhou 爿
Xiang Changsha 扇, 張, 隻
Shuangfeng 扇
Dialectal synonyms of 座 (“(classifier for bridges)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 座
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 座
Taiwan 座
Chengde 座
Chifeng 座
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 座
Heihe 座
Qiqihar 座
Harbin 座
Jiamusi 座
Baicheng 座
Changchun 座
Tonghua 座
Shenyang 座
Jinzhou 座
Singapore 座
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 座
Tangshan 座
Cangzhou 座
Baoding 座
Shijiazhuang 座
Lijin 座
Jinan 座
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 座
Dandong 座
Yantai 座
Qingdao 座
Zhucheng 座
Central Plains Mandarin Lingbao 座
Jining 座
Shangqiu 座
Yuanyang 座
Zhengzhou 座
Xinyang 座
Baihe 座
Xi'an 座, 個, 架
Baoji 座
Tianshui 座
Xining 座
Xuzhou 座
Fuyang 座
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 座
Lanzhou 座
Dunhuang 座
Hami 座
Ürümqi 座
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 道, 座, 架
Nanchong 座
Dazhou 座
Hanyuan 座
Xichang 座
Zigong 座
Chongqing 座
Wuhan 道, 座
Yichang 座
Xiangyang 座
Tianmen 座
Guiyang 座
Zunyi 座
Bijie 座
Liping 架
Zhaotong 座
Dali 座
Kunming 座
Mengzi 座
Guilin 座
Liuzhou 座
Jishou 座
Changde 座
Hanzhong 座
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 座
Yangzhou 道, 座
Lianyungang 座
Lianshui 座
Nantong 座
Anqing 座
Wuhu 座
Hefei 道, 座
Hong'an 座
Cantonese Guangzhou 度, 戙
Hong Kong 條, 座
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 度
Macau 座
Guangzhou (Panyu) 度, 戙
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 度
Guangzhou (Conghua) 戙
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 度
Foshan 戙
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 戙
Foshan (Sanshui) 戙
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 戙
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 度
Zhuhai (Doumen) 度
Jiangmen (Baisha) 度
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 戙
Taishan 對
Kaiping (Chikan) 度
Enping (Niujiang) 獨
Heshan (Yayao) 度
Dongguan 度
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 度
Yangjiang 度
Gan Nanchang 道
Hakka Meixian 座
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 度
Dongguan (Qingxi) 度
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 度
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 度
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 條
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 條, 板
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 條, 板
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 板
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 條, 板
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 條, 板
Huizhou Shexian 乘
Jin Taiyuan 座
Yangyuan 座
Datong 座
Xinzhou 座
Lüliang (Lishi) 座
Changzhi 座
Linhe 座
Jining 座
Hohhot 座
Erenhot 座
Pingshan 座
Zhangjiakou 座
Handan 座
Linzhou 座
Suide 座
Northern Min Jian'ou 座
Eastern Min Fuzhou 條
Southern Min Xiamen 座
Taipei (Wanhua) 板
Kaohsiung 座
Yilan 條
Changhua (Lukang) 板
Taichung 板
Taichung (Wuqi) 板
Tainan 條
Taitung 條
Hsinchu 條
Penghu (Magong) 逝
Manila (Hokkien) 條, 座
Chaozhou 條
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 條
Wu Suzhou 頂
Wenzhou 爿, 條
Xiang Changsha 座, 隻
Shuangfeng 條, 座
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 度
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 徒落切
Baxter dak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/dɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/dɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dak̚/
Li
Rong 		/dɑk̚/
Wang
Li 		/dɑk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/dʱɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		duó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dok6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 度
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		duó
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dak ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ˁak/
English measure (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 度
Reading # 2/2
No. 11908
Phonetic
component 		庶
Rime
group 		鐸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		鐸
Old
Chinese 		/*daːɡ/
Definitions
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度

  1. to speculate
    忖度  ―  cǔnduò  ―  to guess
  2. to measure; to estimate; to judge
    用把尺度吓 [Cantonese]  ―  jung6 baa2 cek3 dok6 haa2 [Jyutping]  ―  measure with a ruler
  3. to devise
    度橋／度桥 [Cantonese]  ―  dok6 kiu4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  devise a smart idea
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 量 (“to measure”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 度
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 量
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 量
Harbin 量
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 量
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 量
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 量
Wanrong 量
Xi'an 量
Xining 量
Xuzhou 量
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 量
Ürümqi 量
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 量
Guiyang 量
Guilin 量
Liuzhou 量
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 量
Yangzhou 量
Cantonese Hong Kong 度, 量
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 量
Wu Shanghai 量
Compounds
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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 度
alternative forms 道

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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度 (Cantonese)

  1. Used to indicate location of something.
    度度 [Cantonese]  ―  dou6 dou6 [Jyutping]  ―  everywhere
    呢幾度／呢几度 [Cantonese]  ―  ni1 gei2 dou6 [Jyutping]  ―  these places
    我兩度都去過。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我两度都去过。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 loeng5 dou6 dou1 heoi3 gwo3. [Jyutping]
    I've been to both places.
    唔通我留咗條鎖匙喺架車度？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔通我留咗条锁匙喺架车度？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    m4 tung1 ngo5 lau4 zo2 tiu4 so2 si4 hai2 gaa3 ce1 dou6? [Jyutping]
    Can it be that I left the key in the car?
    行埋佢度 [Cantonese]  ―  haang4 maai4 keoi5 dou6 [Jyutping]  ―  walk near to him/her
Synonyms
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Compounds

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See also

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Etymology 3

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simp. and trad.
 度
alternative forms 到
倒

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to etymology 1?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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度 (Cantonese)

  1. approximately; around
    Synonym: 左右 (zuǒyòu)
    兩磅度／两磅度 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng5 bong6 dou6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  around 2 pounds

Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of 度 – see 宅 (“residence; dwelling; house; home; tomb; grave; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of 宅).

References

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  • “度”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “度”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 56.

Japanese

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Kanji

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度

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. degrees
  2. occurrence
  3. time
  4. counter for occurrences

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
度
たび
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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度(たび) • (tabi) 

  1. time; whenever
See also
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Counter

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度(たび) • (-tabi) 

  1. times

Suffix

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度(たび) • (-tabi) 

  1. time

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
度
ど
Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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度(ど) • (-do) 

  1. -itude
  2. (geometry) degree of an angle
  3. degree in temperature, scale, etc.
    • 2005 November 9, Nobuhiro Watsuki, “武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン)ファイナル [Armed Alchemy: The Final Act]”, in 武(ブ)装(ソウ)錬(レン)金(キン) [Armed Alchemy], volume 9, Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:
      喰(く)らえ　五(ご)千(せん)百(ひゃく)度(ど)の炎(ほのお)　ブレイズオブグローリイィ‼
      Kurae gosenhyaku-do no honō Bureizu obu Gurōriyi‼
      Take this 5,100-degree flame, Blaze of Glory!!
  4. number of times
  5. percentage of alcohol concentration

Noun

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度(ど) • (do) 

  1. degree, extent
  2. (informal, of eyeglasses) diopter
    Synonym: 度数 (dosū)
    度(ど)が入(はい)ってない眼鏡(めがね)
    do ga haittenai megane
    non-prescription eyeglasses

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 度 (MC duH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 똥〮 (Yale: ttwó)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 법〮돗〯 (Yale: péptwǒ-s) 도〯 (Yale: twǒ)

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [to̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [도(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

度 (eumhun 법도(法度) 도 (beopdo do))

  1. hanja form? of 도 (“bound, limit, extent”) [noun]
  2. hanja form? of 도 (“degree”) [dependent noun]
Compounds
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Compounds

Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese 度 (MC dak).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 딱〮 (Yale: tták)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 혜아릴 (Yale: hyeyalil) 탁 (Yale: thak)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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度 (eumhun 헤아릴 탁 (hearil tak))

  1. hanja form? of 탁 (“to speculate; to measure”) [affix]
Compounds
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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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度: Hán Nôm readings: độ, dạc, đác, đạc, đọ, đủ, đù, dác, đo, đồ, đợ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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