칩다

Korean edit

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰip̚t͈a̠]
Phonetic hangul: [칩따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization^?	chipda
Revised Romanization (translit.)^?	chibda
McCune–Reischauer^?	ch'ipta
Yale Romanization^?	chipta

Adjective edit

칩다 • (chipda) (infinitive 칩어, sequential 칩으니)

(Gyeongsang, Yeongdong, Hamgyong, Yukjin) Dialectal form of 춥다 (chupda, “(of weather) to be cold”).
날 이 와 이리 칩노? (Gyeongsang dialect, Changwon)
Nar-i wa iri chimno?
Why is the weather so cold?

Middle Korean edit

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /tsʰipta/, [t͡ɕʰip̚t͈a]

Adjective edit

칩〮다〮 (chíptá) (infinitive 치〮ᄫᅥ〮, sequential 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮)

(of weather, adjectivally) to be cold; (of weather, verbally) to become cold
Antonym: 덥〯다〮 (těptá)
- 1459, 月印釋譜 / 월인석보 [Worin seokbo]:
  치〮ᄫᅥ〮 므〮리〮 어렛〮다가〮 더ᄫᅳ〮면〮 노가〮 므〮리〮 ᄃᆞ외ᄂᆞ니〮라〮
  chíWé múl-í èléys-tàká tèWú-myén nwòk-á múl-í tòwòynònílá
  [It is like how] water freezes from the cold [weather] and then melts in the warm [weather], becoming water [again]

Conjugation edit

^{The template Template:okm-conj-short/H does not use the parameter(s): 31=칩〮가〮
32=chípká
47=칩〮ᄉᆞᆸ〯건
48=chípsǒpkèn
51=칩〮ᄉᆞᆸ〯건〮
52=chípsǒpkén
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}

Selected conjugations of 칩〮다〮 (chíptá), Accentual class H
Note that the majority of the forms below are unattested for any one verb. Orthography and pitch accent assignment can vary between sources.
Selected plain sentence-final forms
	Declarative	Interrogative			Modulated declarative
	Declarative	Polar question	Wh-word question	Second-person subject	Modulated declarative
Past	칩〮다〮 (chíptá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮니라〮 (chíWúnìlá)	치〮ᄫᅳᆫ가〮 (chíWùnká) 치〮ᄫᅳ녀〮 (chíWùnyé)	치〮ᄫᅳᆫ고〮 (chíWùnkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ뇨〮 (chíWùnyó)	치〮ᄫᅳᆫ다〮 (chíWùntá)	치〮ᄫᅮ라〮 (chíWwùlá)
Present	칩〮ᄂᆞ다〮 (chípnòtá) 칩〮ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (chípnónìlá)	칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ가〮 (chípnònká) 칩〮ᄂᆞ녀〮 (chípnònyé)	칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ고〮 (chípnònkwó) 칩〮ᄂᆞ뇨〮 (chípnònyó)	칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ다〮 (chípnòntá)	칩〮노라〮 (chípnwòlá)
Conjectural	치〮ᄫᅳ〮리라〮 (chíWúlìlá)	치〮ᄫᅳᇙ가〮 (chíWùlqká) 치〮ᄫᅳ려〮 (chíWùlyé)	치〮ᄫᅳᇙ고〮 (chíWùlqkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ료〮 (chíWùlyó)	치〮ᄫᅳᇙ다〮 (chíWùlqtá)	치〮ᄫᅮ〮리라〮 (chíWwúlìlá)
Retrospective/ imperfective	칩〮더라〮 (chíptèlá) 칩〮더〮니라〮 (chípténìlá)	칩〮던가〮 (chíptènká) 칩〮더녀〮 (chíptènyé)	칩〮던고〮 (chíptènkwó) 칩〮더뇨〮 (chíptènyó)	칩〮던다〮 (chíptèntá)	칩〮다라〮 (chíptàlá)
Promissive/Hortative		Imperative		Exclamatory/Emotive
치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮져〮 (chípcyé, hortative)		치〮ᄫᅳ〮라〮 (chíWúlá, order) 칩〮고라〮 (chípkwòlá, request)		치〮ᄫᅳᆫ뎌〮 (chíWùntyé), 치〮ᄫᅳᆯ쎠〮 (chíWùlssyé) 칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ라〮 (chíWèylá)
Selected highly deferential sentence-final forms
Past	치〮ᄫᅳ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùníngìtá)	치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chíWùníngìská)	치〮ᄫᅳ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chíWùníngìskwó)	no separate forms	치〮ᄫᅮ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWwúngìtá)
Present	칩〮ᄂᆞ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnóngìtá) 칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnòníngìtá)	칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chípnòníngìská)	칩〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chípnòníngìskwó)		칩〮노〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípnwóngìtá)
Conjectural	치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùlíngìtá)	치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵᆺ가〮 (chíWùlíngìská)	치〮ᄫᅳ리〮ᅌᅵᆺ고〮 (chíWùlíngìskwó)		치〮ᄫᅮ리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWwùlíngìtá)
Promissive/Hortative		Imperative		Exclamatory/Emotive
치〮ᄫᅮ마〮 (chíWwùmá, promissive) 칩〮사〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípsángìtá, hortative)		치〮ᄫᅳ〮쇼셔〮 (chíWúsyòsyé, order)		칩〮도다〮 (chíptwòtá), 칩〮돗다〮 (chíptwòstá) 치〮ᄫᅦ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWéyngìtá)
Selected honorific declarative forms
	Past	Present	Conjectural	Retrospective/ imperfective	거 (-ke-) form
Plain subject-honoring	치〮ᄫᅳ〮시다〮 (chíWúsìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮니라〮 (chíWùsínìlá)	치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᄂᆞ다〮 (chíWùsínòtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞ〮니라〮 (chíWúsìnónìlá)	치〮ᄫᅳ시〮리라〮 (chíWùsílìlá)	칩〮더〮시다〮 (chíptésìtá) 칩〮더시〮니라〮 (chíptèsínìlá)	칩〮거〮시다〮 (chípkésìtá) 칩〮거시〮니라〮 (chípkèsínìlá)
Deferential subject-honoring	치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùsíngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsìníngìtá)	치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞ〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsìnóngìtá) 치〮ᄫᅳ시〮ᄂᆞ니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWùsínòníngìtá)	치〮ᄫᅳ〮시리〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíWúsílíngìtá)	칩〮더시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíptèsíngìtá) 칩〮더〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chíptésìníngìtá)	칩〮거시〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípkèsíngìtá) 칩〮거〮시니〮ᅌᅵ다〮 (chípkésìníngìtá)
Selected connective forms
Connective	Causative	Conditional/situating	Contrastive/concessive	Purposive/desiderative	Infinitive
칩〮고〮 (chípkwó) 치〮ᄫᅳ며〮 (chíWùmyé) 칩〮다가〮 (chíptàká)	치〮ᄫᅳ니〮 (chíWùní) 칩〮거ᄂᆞᆯ〮 (chípkènól) 치〮ᄫᅳᆯᄊᆡ〮 (chíWùlssóy, only in declarative) 칩〮관ᄃᆡ〮 (chípkwàntóy, only in interrogative)	치〮ᄫᅳ면〮 (chíWùmyén) 칩〮거든〮 (chípkètún) 치〮ᄫᅳᆫ대〮 (chíWùntáy) 칩〮건댄〮 (chípkèntáyn)	치〮ᄫᅳ나〮 (chíWùná) 치〮ᄫᅮᄃᆡ〮 (chíWwùtóy) 치〮ᄫᅳᆫᄃᆞᆯ〮 (chíWùntól) 칩〮건〮마ᄅᆞᆫ〮 (chípkénmàlón)	치〮ᄫᅮ려〮 (chíWwùlyé) 칩〮고져〮 (chípkwòcyé, desires own action) 칩〮과뎌〮 (chípkwàtyé, desires other's action)	치〮ᄫᅥ〮 (chíWé)
Adnominal/gerundive forms
	Past	Present		Conjectural
Unmodulated non-honorific	치〮ᄫᅳᆫ〮 (chíWún)	칩〮ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chípnón)		치〮ᄫᅳᇙ〮 (chíWúlq)
Modulated non-honorific	치〮ᄫᅮᆫ〮 (chíWwún)	칩〮논〮 (chípnwón)		치〮ᄫᅮᇙ〮 (chíWwúlq)
Unmodulated subject-honoring	치〮ᄫᅳ신〮 (chíWùsín)	치〮ᄫᅳ〮시ᄂᆞᆫ〮 (chíWúsìnón)		치〮ᄫᅳ시ᇙ〮 (chíWùsílq)
Substantive forms
Plain			Subject-honoring
치〮ᄫᅮᆷ〮 (chíWwúm)			치〮ᄫᅳ샴〮 (chíWùsyám)

Descendants edit

Central Korean: 춥다 (chupda)
Hamgyong Korean: 칩다 (chipda)
Gyeongsang Korean: 칩다 (chipda)