𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃

Gothic

Gothic numbers ^(edit)

	𐌰 1
Cardinal: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains)     Ordinal: 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 (fruma)     Adverbial: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌸𐌰 (ainamma sinþa)     Multiplier: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (ainfalþs)     Collective: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍃 (ainahs)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ainafalþaz (“single, simple”); equivalent to 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains) +‎ -𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (-falþs). Cognate with Old English ānfeald (“single, simple”) (and thence English onefold) and Old Saxon ēnfald (“simple”); close in formation to Ancient Greek ἁπλόος (haplóos), which it translates.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛːnˌfalθs/

Adjective

𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 • (ainfalþs) (adverb 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌱𐌰)

1. (hapax) simple (uncomplicated)
   • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 6:22:

     𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌽 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉: 𐌾𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌿 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸 𐌹𐍃𐍄, 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹𐌸.

     lukarn leikis ist augō: jabai nu augō þein ainfalþ ist, allata leik þein liuhadein wairþiþ.

     The light of the body is the eye: if therefore thine eye be single, thy whole body shall be full of light. (KJV)

Declension

A-stem
Strong (indefinite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 ainfalþs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 ainfalþa	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸, 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 ainfalþ, ainfalþata
Accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 ainfalþana	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 ainfalþa	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸, 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 ainfalþ, ainfalþata
Genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐍃 ainfalþis	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 ainfalþaizōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐍃 ainfalþis
Dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ainfalþamma	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹 ainfalþai	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 ainfalþamma
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹 ainfalþai	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐍃 ainfalþōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 ainfalþa
Accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainfalþans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐍃 ainfalþōs	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 ainfalþa
Genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ainfalþaizē	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 ainfalþaizō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 ainfalþaizē
Dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainfalþaim	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainfalþaim	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 ainfalþaim
Weak (definite) inflection
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰 ainfalþa	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 ainfalþō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 ainfalþō
Accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽 ainfalþan	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽 ainfalþōn	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉 ainfalþō
Genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽𐍃 ainfalþins	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainfalþōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽𐍃 ainfalþins
Dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽 ainfalþin	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽 ainfalþōn	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌹𐌽 ainfalþin
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainfalþans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainfalþōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐌰 ainfalþōna
Accusative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐍃 ainfalþans	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍃 ainfalþōns	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐌰 ainfalþōna
Genitive	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴 ainfalþanē	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌽𐍉 ainfalþōnō	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴 ainfalþanē
Dative	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼 ainfalþam	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍉𐌼 ainfalþōm	𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌰𐌼 ainfalþam

Derived terms

• 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹 (ainfalþei, “simplicity”)

Related terms

• 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (ains, “one”)
• -𐍆𐌰𐌻𐌸𐍃 (-falþs, “-fold”)

Further reading

• Lehmann, Winfred P. (1986) “A74. *ain-falþs”, in A Gothic Etymological Dictionary, based on the 3rd ed. of Feist’s dictionary, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 16
• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 4