𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽

Gothic

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Etymology

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From 𐌲𐌰- (ga-) +β€Ž 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (aukan).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /Ι‘aΛˆΙ”Λkan/

Verb

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𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 β€’ (gaaukan) (perfective)

  1. (hapax) to abound
    • 1 Thessalonians 4:1:
      𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌿 𐌽𐌿, πŒ±π‚π‰πŒΈπ‚πŒΎπŒΏπƒ, πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπ„πŒ°πŒΌ 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌽 π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½ πŒΉπŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒ°, 𐌴𐌹 πƒπ…πŒ°πƒπ…πŒ΄ 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌸 πŒ°π„ πŒΏπŒ½πƒ πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ° πƒπŒΊπŒΏπŒ»πŒΏπŒΈ 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰, πƒπ…πŒ°πƒπ…πŒ΄ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌸 πŒΌπŒ°πŒΉπƒ.
      ΓΎannu nu, brōþrjus, anahaitam bidai izwis jah bidjam in fraujin iΔ“sua, ei swaswΔ“ andnΔ“muΓΎ at uns Ζ•aiwa skuluΓΎ gaggan jah galeikan guda, swaswΔ“ jah gaggaiΓΎ jah gaaukaiΓΎ mais.
      Furthermore then we beseech you, brethren, and exhort you by the Lord Jesus, that as ye have received of us how ye ought to walk and to please God, so ye would abound more and more. (KJV)

Conjugation

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Class 7 strong
Infinitive 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽
gaaukan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰
gaauka
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺
gaaiauk
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰
gaaukada
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒΉπƒ
gaaukis
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπŒ·π„
gaaiauht
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌢𐌰
gaaukaza
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌹𐌸
gaaukiΓΎ
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺
gaaiauk
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰
gaaukada
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπ‰πƒ
gaaukōs
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌿
gaaiauku
β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
gaaukats
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒΏπ„πƒ
gaaiaukuts
β€”
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌼
gaaukam
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌿𐌼
gaaiaukum
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaaukanda
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌹𐌸
gaaukiΓΎ
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌿𐌸
gaaiaukuΓΎ
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaaukanda
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳
gaaukand
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌿𐌽
gaaiaukun
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰
gaaukanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌿
gaaukau
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌿
gaaiaukjau
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gaaukais
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gaaiaukeis
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌢𐌰𐌿
gaaukaizau
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹
gaaukai
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌹
gaaiauki
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gaaukaiwa
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gaaiaukeiwa
β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gaaukaits
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΉπŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gaaiaukeits
β€”
1st plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰
gaaukaima
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰
gaaiaukeima
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukaindau
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌸
gaaukaiΓΎ
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌸
gaaiaukeiΓΎ
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukaindau
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰
gaaukaina
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰
gaaiaukeina
𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukaindau
Imperative
2nd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺
gaauk
3rd singular 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukadau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°π„πƒ
gaaukats
2nd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌹𐌸
gaaukiΓΎ
3rd plural 𐌲𐌰𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿
gaaukandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gaaukands
πŒ²πŒ°πŒ°πŒΏπŒΊπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
gaaukans

Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p.Β 14