𐱃𐰆

Old Turkic

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *to- (“to be full”). Cognate with Chuvash тӑран (tăran), Khalaj todmaq, Turkish doymak, Uzbek toʻymoq, Bashkir туйыу (tuyıw), Yakut тот (tot).

Verb

𐱃𐰆 (to-)

1. (intransitive) to be saturated

   Synonym: 𐱃𐰆𐰑 (tod-)

   • 8th century CE, Bilge Khagan Inscription, N6

     𐰾𐰤:𐰀𐰲𐰾𐰺:𐱃𐰆𐰽𐰴:𐰇𐰢𐰔:𐰾𐰤:𐰋𐰃𐰼:𐱃𐰆𐰑𐰽𐰺:𐰀𐰲𐰾𐰴:𐰇𐰢𐰔:𐰾𐰤

     sen:āčsar:tosïq:ömez:sen:bir:todsar:āčsïq:ömez:sen

     If you become hungry, you do not think of being satiated again, if you become satiated, you do not think of hunger again.

Derived terms

• 𐱃𐰆𐰽𐰴 (tosïq)
• 𐱃𐰆𐰑 (tod-)
• 𐱃𐰸 (toq)

References

• Tekin, Talât (1968) “to-”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 382
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “to:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 434
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dod-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tu- (“to close”).

Verb

𐱃𐰆 (tu-)

1. (transitive) to close, block
   • 8th century CE, Tonyukuk Inscription, IE6

     𐰜𐰇𐰏𐰢𐰤:𐰖𐰆𐰞𐰃:𐰋𐰃𐰼:𐰼𐰢𐰾:𐱃𐰆𐰢𐰾:𐱅𐰘𐰤:𐰾𐰓𐰯:𐰉𐰆:𐰖𐰆𐰞𐰣:𐰖𐰆𐰺𐰽𐰺:𐰖𐰺𐰢𐰲𐰃:𐱅𐰓𐰢

     kögmen:yolï:bir:ermiš:tumïš:téyin:ešidip:bu:yolïn:yorïsar:yaramačï:tédim

     When I heard that there is only one road to the Sayan Mountains, and it is (now) closed (by snow), I said: 'If we go that way, it will not be good (for us)'.

Derived terms

• 𐱃𐰆𐰍 (tuɣ, “obstacle”)
• 𐱃𐰆𐰢𐰣 (tuman, “smoke”)

References

• Tekin, Talât (1968) “tu-”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 386
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “to:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 434