-त्वा

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• -ত্বা (Assamese script)
• -ᬢ᭄ᬯᬵ (Balinese script)
• -ত্বা (Bengali script)
• -𑰝𑰿𑰪𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• -𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• -တွာ (Burmese script)
• -ત્વા (Gujarati script)
• -ਤੑਵਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• -𑌤𑍍𑌵𑌾 (Grantha script)
• -ꦠ꧀ꦮꦴ (Javanese script)
• -𑂞𑂹𑂫𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• -ತ್ವಾ (Kannada script)
• -ត្វា (Khmer script)
• -ຕ຺ວາ (Lao script)
• -ത്വാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠊ᢠᠣᠸᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• -𑘝𑘿𑘪𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠊ᢐᢦ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• -𑦽𑧠𑧊𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• -𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐵 (Newa script)
• -ତ୍ଵା (Odia script)
• -ꢡ꣄ꢮꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• -𑆠𑇀𑆮𑆳 (Sharada script)
• -𑖝𑖿𑖪𑖯 (Siddham script)
• -ත්‍වා (Sinhalese script)
• -𑩫 𑪙𑩾𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• -𑚙𑚶𑚦𑚭 (Takri script)
• -த்வா (Tamil script)
• -త్వా (Telugu script)
• -ตฺวา (Thai script)
• -་ཏྭཱ (Tibetan script)
• -𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• -𑨙𑩇𑨭𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Instrumental of an earlier verbal noun on -तु (-tu) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tus), whence also the infinitival suffix -तुम् (-tum).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tʋɑ́ː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /t̪ʋɑː/

Suffix

-त्वा • (-tvā́)

1. conjunctive suffix for verbs, also called 'gerund' or 'absolutive'

   ‎कृ (kṛ, “do”) + ‎-त्वा (-tvā) → ‎कृत्वा (kṛtvā, “having done”)

   ‎वच् (vac, “say”) + ‎-त्वा (-tvā) → ‎उक्त्वा (uktvā, “having said”)

   ‎त्यज् (tyaj, “abandon”) + ‎-त्वा (-tvā) → ‎त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā, “having abandoned”)

Usage notes

This suffix is called the क्त्वा (ktvā) suffix in Sanskrit.