त्यज्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ত্যজ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬢ᭄ᬬᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
• ত্যজ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰿𑰧𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• တျဇ် (Burmese script)
• ત્યજ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਤ੍ਯਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑍍𑌯𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦾꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂹𑂨𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ತ್ಯಜ್ (Kannada script)
• ត្យជ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຕ຺ຍຊ຺ (Lao script)
• ത്യജ് (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠶᠠᡯ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘿𑘧𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠶ᠋ᠠᠽ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧠𑧇𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
• ତ୍ଯଜ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢡ꣄ꢫꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑇀𑆪𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖿𑖧𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ත්‍යජ් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫 𑪙𑩻𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚶𑚣𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
• த்யஜ் (Tamil script)
• త్యజ్ (Telugu script)
• ตฺยชฺ (Thai script)
• ཏྱ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑩇𑨪𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *tyegʷ- (“to leave alone, give up; retreat”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tjɐd͡ʑ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /t̪jɐd͡ʑ/

Adjective

त्यज् • (tyaj) stem

1. (At the end of a compound) leaving, abandoning, giving up, offering

   ‎तनु (tanu, “body”) + ‎त्यज् (tyaj) → ‎तनुत्यज् (tanutyaj, “giving up one's body, dying”)

   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of त्यज् (tyaj)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Vocative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Accusative	त्यजम् tyajam	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Instrumental	त्यजा tyajā	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भिः tyagbhiḥ
Dative	त्यजे tyaje	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Ablative	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Genitive	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यजाम् tyajām
Locative	त्यजि tyaji	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यक्षु tyakṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine root-stem declension of त्यज् (tyaj)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Vocative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Accusative	त्यजम् tyajam	त्यजौ / त्यजा¹ tyajau / tyajā¹	त्यजः tyajaḥ
Instrumental	त्यजा tyajā	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भिः tyagbhiḥ
Dative	त्यजे tyaje	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Ablative	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Genitive	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यजाम् tyajām
Locative	त्यजि tyaji	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यक्षु tyakṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter root-stem declension of त्यज् (tyaj)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजी tyajī	त्यञ्जि tyañji
Vocative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजी tyajī	त्यञ्जि tyañji
Accusative	त्यक् tyak	त्यजी tyajī	त्यञ्जि tyañji
Instrumental	त्यजा tyajā	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भिः tyagbhiḥ
Dative	त्यजे tyaje	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Ablative	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यग्भ्याम् tyagbhyām	त्यग्भ्यः tyagbhyaḥ
Genitive	त्यजः tyajaḥ	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यजाम् tyajām
Locative	त्यजि tyaji	त्यजोः tyajoḥ	त्यक्षु tyakṣu

Root

त्यज् • (tyaj)

1. to leave, abandon, quit
2. to leave a place, go away from
3. to let go, dismiss, discharge
4. to give up, surrender, resign, renounce
5. to shun, avoid, give away
6. to except

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root त्यज्‎ (0 c, 7 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• त्यजति (tyajati, Present)
• त्यक्ष्यति (tyakṣyati, Future)
• त्यजिष्यति (tyajiṣyati, Future)
• त्यक्ता (tyaktā́, Periphrastic Future)
• अत्याक्षीत् (átyākṣīt, Aorist)
• त्यज्यात् (tyajyā́t, Benedictive)
• तत्याज (tatyā́ja, Perfect)
• तित्याज (tityā́ja, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• त्यज्यते (tyajyate, Passive)
• अत्याजि (átyāji, Passive Aorist)
• त्याजयति (tyājáyati, Causative)
• अतित्यजत् (átityajat, Causative Aorist)
• तित्यक्षति (tityakṣati, Desiderative)
• तात्यज्यते (tātyajyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• त्यक्तुम् (tyaktum, Infinitive)
• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā, Gerund)
• त्याज्य (tyājya, Gerundive)
• त्यक्तव्य (tyaktavya, Gerundive)
• त्यक्त (tyaktá, Past Participle)
• त्यजित (tyajitá, Past Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• त्यज् (tyaj)
• त्यज (tyaja)
• त्यज्य (tyajya)
• त्यजन (tyajana)
• त्यजस् (tyajas)
• त्यक्तृ (tyaktṛ)
• त्याग (tyā́ga)
• त्यागिन् (tyāgin)
• त्याजक (tyājaka)
• त्याजन (tyājana)

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root त्यज्‎ (3 c, 0 e)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “त्यज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0456.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “त्यज्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 066
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “त्यज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 414
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 643
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 1086, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1086