See also: -iäinen and iäinen

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

-ja +‎ -inen. The suffix is spelled inconsistently as either -iainen or -jainen depending on the root word.

Suffix edit

-iainen (front vowel harmony variant -iäinen, linguistic notation -iAinen)

  1. Forms certain nouns.
    tulla (to come) + ‎-iainen → ‎tuliainen (souvenir)
  2. (in the plural) Forms names of ceremonies from verbs or nouns.
    avata (to open) + ‎-iainen → ‎avajaiset (opening)
    haudata (to bury) + ‎-iainen → ‎hautajaiset (funeral)
    fuksi (university freshman) + ‎-iainen → ‎fuksiaiset (initiation ritual event in a university)
  3. Forms certain nouns, particularly vulgar nouns or names of insects.
    paska (shit) + ‎-iainen → ‎paskiainen (bastard, asshole)
    muta (mud) + ‎-iainen → ‎mutiainen (dark-skinned person)
    kuori (crust) + ‎-iainen → ‎kuoriainen (beetle)
    ripsi (cilium) + ‎-iainen → ‎ripsiäinen (thrips)

Declension edit

Inflection of -iainen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation)
nominative -iainen -iaiset
genitive -iaisen -iaisten
-iaisien
partitive -iaista -iaisia
illative -iaiseen -iaisiin
singular plural
nominative -iainen -iaiset
accusative nom. -iainen -iaiset
gen. -iaisen
genitive -iaisen -iaisten
-iaisien
partitive -iaista -iaisia
inessive -iaisessa -iaisissa
elative -iaisesta -iaisista
illative -iaiseen -iaisiin
adessive -iaisella -iaisilla
ablative -iaiselta -iaisilta
allative -iaiselle -iaisille
essive -iaisena -iaisina
translative -iaiseksi -iaisiksi
abessive -iaisetta -iaisitta
instructive -iaisin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of -iainen (Kotus type 38/nainen, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -iaiseni -iaiseni
accusative nom. -iaiseni -iaiseni
gen. -iaiseni
genitive -iaiseni -iaisteni
-iaisieni
partitive -iaistani -iaisiani
inessive -iaisessani -iaisissani
elative -iaisestani -iaisistani
illative -iaiseeni -iaisiini
adessive -iaisellani -iaisillani
ablative -iaiseltani -iaisiltani
allative -iaiselleni -iaisilleni
essive -iaisenani -iaisinani
translative -iaisekseni -iaisikseni
abessive -iaisettani -iaisittani
instructive
comitative -iaisineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -iaisesi -iaisesi
accusative nom. -iaisesi -iaisesi
gen. -iaisesi
genitive -iaisesi -iaistesi
-iaisiesi
partitive -iaistasi -iaisiasi
inessive -iaisessasi -iaisissasi
elative -iaisestasi -iaisistasi
illative -iaiseesi -iaisiisi
adessive -iaisellasi -iaisillasi
ablative -iaiseltasi -iaisiltasi
allative -iaisellesi -iaisillesi
essive -iaisenasi -iaisinasi
translative -iaiseksesi -iaisiksesi
abessive -iaisettasi -iaisittasi
instructive
comitative -iaisinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -iaisemme -iaisemme
accusative nom. -iaisemme -iaisemme
gen. -iaisemme
genitive -iaisemme -iaistemme
-iaisiemme
partitive -iaistamme -iaisiamme
inessive -iaisessamme -iaisissamme
elative -iaisestamme -iaisistamme
illative -iaiseemme -iaisiimme
adessive -iaisellamme -iaisillamme
ablative -iaiseltamme -iaisiltamme
allative -iaisellemme -iaisillemme
essive -iaisenamme -iaisinamme
translative -iaiseksemme -iaisiksemme
abessive -iaisettamme -iaisittamme
instructive
comitative -iaisinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -iaisenne -iaisenne
accusative nom. -iaisenne -iaisenne
gen. -iaisenne
genitive -iaisenne -iaistenne
-iaisienne
partitive -iaistanne -iaisianne
inessive -iaisessanne -iaisissanne
elative -iaisestanne -iaisistanne
illative -iaiseenne -iaisiinne
adessive -iaisellanne -iaisillanne
ablative -iaiseltanne -iaisiltanne
allative -iaisellenne -iaisillenne
essive -iaisenanne -iaisinanne
translative -iaiseksenne -iaisiksenne
abessive -iaisettanne -iaisittanne
instructive
comitative -iaisinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative -iaisensa -iaisensa
accusative nom. -iaisensa -iaisensa
gen. -iaisensa
genitive -iaisensa -iaistensa
-iaisiensa
partitive -iaistaan
-iaistansa
-iaisiaan
-iaisiansa
inessive -iaisessaan
-iaisessansa
-iaisissaan
-iaisissansa
elative -iaisestaan
-iaisestansa
-iaisistaan
-iaisistansa
illative -iaiseensa -iaisiinsa
adessive -iaisellaan
-iaisellansa
-iaisillaan
-iaisillansa
ablative -iaiseltaan
-iaiseltansa
-iaisiltaan
-iaisiltansa
allative -iaiselleen
-iaisellensa
-iaisilleen
-iaisillensa
essive -iaisenaan
-iaisenansa
-iaisinaan
-iaisinansa
translative -iaisekseen
-iaiseksensa
-iaisikseen
-iaisiksensa
abessive -iaisettaan
-iaisettansa
-iaisittaan
-iaisittansa
instructive
comitative -iaisineen
-iaisinensa

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.