tulla
EstonianEdit
VerbEdit
tulla
- Da-infinitive of tulema.
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *tuldak, from Proto-Uralic *tole-.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
tulla (intransitive)
- to come
- Hän tulee.
- He comes.
- (elative + 3rd person singular + noun/adjective in nominative or partitive or personal + translative) to become, get, go, turn
- Hänestä tuli rikas.
- He became rich.
- Heistä tuli hulluja.
- They became crazy.
- He tulivat hulluiksi.
- They went crazy.
- (impersonal, genitive + 3rd-pers. singular + 1st infinitive) to have to do, be to do, should do, be supposed to do
- Minun tulee tehdä tämä huomiseksi.
- I have to do this by tomorrow.
- auxiliary verb for emphasized future tense; the present tense is usually used instead for the future tense
- Nimeni on Tapani ja tapani tulette tuntemaan.
- My name is Tapani and you will learn my ways.
- (+ passive past participle in translative) auxiliary verb for passive voice
- Hän tuli valituksi.
- He was chosen.
- Tapa tai tule tapetuksi.
- Kill or be killed.
- (+ passive past participle in partitive) auxiliary verb for passive voice, particularly if the action is less definite or in direct questions
- Mitä tuli sanottua?
- What did you say?
- (+ active past participle in translative) to manage to do (more or less unintentionally), to succeed in doing (more or less unintentionally)
- Hän tuli tehneeksi pahan virheen.
- She managed to make a big mistake.
- (+ illative) to come into, get (enter a state of being)
- tulla humalaan ― to get drunk
- (slang) to cum, orgasm
ConjugationEdit
Inflection of tulla (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | ||||||
present tense | perfect | |||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
1st sing. | tulen | en tule | 1st sing. | olen tullut | en ole tullut | |
2nd sing. | tulet | et tule | 2nd sing. | olet tullut | et ole tullut | |
3rd sing. | tulee | ei tule | 3rd sing. | on tullut | ei ole tullut | |
1st plur. | tulemme | emme tule | 1st plur. | olemme tulleet | emme ole tulleet | |
2nd plur. | tulette | ette tule | 2nd plur. | olette tulleet | ette ole tulleet | |
3rd plur. | tulevat | eivät tule | 3rd plur. | ovat tulleet | eivät ole tulleet | |
passive | tullaan | ei tulla | passive | on tultu | ei ole tultu | |
past tense | pluperfect | |||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
1st sing. | tulin | en tullut | 1st sing. | olin tullut | en ollut tullut | |
2nd sing. | tulit | et tullut | 2nd sing. | olit tullut | et ollut tullut | |
3rd sing. | tuli | ei tullut | 3rd sing. | oli tullut | ei ollut tullut | |
1st plur. | tulimme | emme tulleet | 1st plur. | olimme tulleet | emme olleet tulleet | |
2nd plur. | tulitte | ette tulleet | 2nd plur. | olitte tulleet | ette olleet tulleet | |
3rd plur. | tulivat | eivät tulleet | 3rd plur. | olivat tulleet | eivät olleet tulleet | |
passive | tultiin | ei tultu | passive | oli tultu | ei ollut tultu | |
conditional mood | ||||||
present | perfect | |||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
1st sing. | tulisin | en tulisi | 1st sing. | olisin tullut | en olisi tullut | |
2nd sing. | tulisit | et tulisi | 2nd sing. | olisit tullut | et olisi tullut | |
3rd sing. | tulisi | ei tulisi | 3rd sing. | olisi tullut | ei olisi tullut | |
1st plur. | tulisimme | emme tulisi | 1st plur. | olisimme tulleet | emme olisi tulleet | |
2nd plur. | tulisitte | ette tulisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte tulleet | ette olisi tulleet | |
3rd plur. | tulisivat | eivät tulisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat tulleet | eivät olisi tulleet | |
passive | tultaisiin | ei tultaisi | passive | olisi tultu | ei olisi tultu | |
imperative mood | ||||||
present | perfect | |||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | |
2nd sing. | tule | älä tule | 2nd sing. | ole tullut | älä ole tullut | |
3rd sing. | tulkoon | älköön tulko | 3rd sing. | olkoon tullut | älköön olko tullut | |
1st plur. | tulkaamme | älkäämme tulko | 1st plur. | olkaamme tulleet | älkäämme olko tulleet | |
2nd plur. | tulkaa | älkää tulko | 2nd plur. | olkaa tulleet | älkää olko tulleet | |
3rd plur. | tulkoot | älkööt tulko | 3rd plur. | olkoot tulleet | älkööt olko tulleet | |
passive | tultakoon | älköön tultako | passive | olkoon tultu | älköön olko tultu | |
potential mood | ||||||
present | perfect | |||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | |
1st sing. | tullen | en tulle | 1st sing. | lienen tullut | en liene tullut | |
2nd sing. | tullet | et tulle | 2nd sing. | lienet tullut | et liene tullut | |
3rd sing. | tullee | ei tulle | 3rd sing. | lienee tullut | ei liene tullut | |
1st plur. | tullemme | emme tulle | 1st plur. | lienemme tulleet | emme liene tulleet | |
2nd plur. | tullette | ette tulle | 2nd plur. | lienette tulleet | ette liene tulleet | |
3rd plur. | tullevat | eivät tulle | 3rd plur. | lienevät tulleet | eivät liene tulleet | |
passive | tultaneen | ei tultane | passive | lienee tultu | ei liene tultu | |
Nominal forms | ||||||
infinitives | participles | |||||
active | passive | active | passive | |||
1st | tulla | present | tuleva | tultava | ||
long 1st2 | tullakseen | past | tullut | tultu | ||
2nd | inessive1 | tullessa | tultaessa | agent1, 3 | tulema | |
instructive | tullen | — | negative | tulematon | ||
3rd | inessive | tulemassa | — | 1) Usually with a possessive suffix. 2) Used only with a possessive suffix; this is the form for the third-person singular and third-person plural. | ||
elative | tulemasta | — | ||||
illative | tulemaan | — | ||||
adessive | tulemalla | — | ||||
abessive | tulematta | — | ||||
instructive | tuleman | tultaman | ||||
4th | nominative | tuleminen | ||||
partitive | tulemista | |||||
5th2 | tulemaisillaan |
SynonymsEdit
- (to become): muuttua (+ translative)
- (to have to do): genitive + 3rd-pers. singular of pitää + infinitive, genitive + 3rd-pers. singular of olla + passive present participle, genitive + 3rd-pers. singular of olla + määrä + infinitive
- (to come/cum, orgasm): saada orgasmi
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- tulla toimeen: to get along
- tulla voimaan: (of a law) to take effect
See alsoEdit
GalicianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Unknown. Documented since the 10th century in local Medieval Latin charters as tulia;[1] unlikely from Latin tubula (“small tube”)[2] which originates tolva.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
tulla f (plural tullas)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “tulla” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2012.
- “tulla” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “tulla” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “tulla” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ Varela Sieiro, Xaime (2003). Léxico cotián na alta idade media de Galicia: o enxoval. Sada: Ediciós do Castro, pages 301.
- ^ Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José A. (1983–1991), “tubo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN
IngrianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *tuldak. Cognates include Finnish tulla and Estonian tulla.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
tulla
- (intransitive) to come, arrive
- 1933, V. I. Junus, Lukukirja inkeroisia oppikoteja vart (toiseel oppivuuvveel), Leningrad: Riikin Izdatelstvo Kirja, page 6:
- Tulliit hyy metsä tiil.
- They arrived at the road.
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:
- Sima tulloo klaassaa.
- Sima comes to class.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 60:
- Tulloo töömees laavkaa.
- He arrives at a working store.
- (intransitive) to turn out
- 1936, L. G. Terehova; V. G. Erdeli, Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, transl., Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:
- Tuli niin, jot möö mänimmä ääree seitsemän kilometran päähä laagerist.
- So it turned out, that we went about seven kilometers away from the camp.
- (copulative) to turn out
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
- Käsijä palensi, mut ukko tuli hyvä.
- [Their] hands feel cold, but the [snow]man turned out good.
- (intransitive) to work out
- Ei tuult mittä. ― Nothing came of it.
- (intransitive, elative + 3rd person + nominative) to make for
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
- a toost Jyrki pionerast
tulloo hyvä inƶenera.- and that Jyrki the pioneer
will make for a good engineer.
- and that Jyrki the pioneer
- Täst kapussast tulloo hyvä suppi. ― This cabbage will make for a good soup. (literally, “From this cabbage will come a good soup.”)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 607
- Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[1], →ISBN, page 75
LivviEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *tuldak. Cognates include Finnish tulla and Estonian tulla.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
tulla
- (intransitive) to come; to arrive
- (intransitive) to work out
- Sit ei tuldu nimidä. ― Nothing came of it.
- (intransitive + translative) to become
- Mie tulin opastajakse. ― I became a teacher.
- (intransitive + translative) to be (related)
- Häi tulou minule vellekse. ― He is my brother.
- (intransitive + translative) to fall on
- Minun roindupäivy tuli piätenčäkse. ― My birthday fell on a friday.
- (intransitive + adessive) to smell like
- Laukku tulou juustol. ― The shop smells like cheese.
- (impersonal + 1st infinitive) to be needed; to be important
- Tulou voimistella. ― It is important to do gymnastics.
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Tatjana Boiko (2019), “tulla”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN
PaliEdit
Alternative formsEdit
AdjectiveEdit
tulla
- Alternative form of tulya (“to be weighed”), which see for usage and meanings.
DeclensionEdit
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | tullo | tullā |
Accusative (second) | tullaṃ | tulle |
Instrumental (third) | tullena | tullehi or tullebhi |
Dative (fourth) | tullassa or tullāya or tullatthaṃ | tullānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | tullasmā or tullamhā or tullā | tullehi or tullebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | tullassa | tullānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | tullasmiṃ or tullamhi or tulle | tullesu |
Vocative (calling) | tulla | tullā |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | tullā | tullāyo or tullā |
Accusative (second) | tullaṃ | tullāyo or tullā |
Instrumental (third) | tullāya | tullāhi or tullābhi |
Dative (fourth) | tullāya | tullānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | tullāya | tullāhi or tullābhi |
Genitive (sixth) | tullāya | tullānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | tullāya or tullāyaṃ | tullāsu |
Vocative (calling) | tulle | tullāyo or tullā |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | tullaṃ | tullāni |
Accusative (second) | tullaṃ | tullāni |
Instrumental (third) | tullena | tullehi or tullebhi |
Dative (fourth) | tullassa or tullāya or tullatthaṃ | tullānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | tullasmā or tullamhā or tullā | tullehi or tullebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | tullassa | tullānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | tullasmiṃ or tullamhi or tulle | tullesu |
Vocative (calling) | tulla | tullāni |
SpanishEdit
VerbEdit
tulla
- First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of tullir.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of tullir.
- Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of tullir.
- Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of tullir.
VoticEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *tuldak, from Proto-Uralic *tole-.
VerbEdit
tulla (first-person singular present tulõn, first-person singular past tulin)
- to come
- to arrive
- (of rain, snow etc.) to come down, to fall
- to come to pass, to happen
- to come up, to arise, to appear
- to become, to turn into
InflectionEdit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
ReferencesEdit
- "tulla" in Vadja keele sõnaraamat