Wiktionary

-nis

See also: nis, Nis, NIS, niś, niš, Niš, ñiś, and -niß

Dutch

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Etymology

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From Old Dutch -nissi, -nussi, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī.

Suffix

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-nis f (plural -nissen)

  1. -ment, -ation, -ness

Usage notes

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  • While a cognate of -ness, this Dutch suffix is not an exact equivalent semantically; for example, it is not restricted to abstract nouns representing states of being but also produces more concrete, countable nouns, particularly action nouns.
  • The deverbal suffix -nis proved one of the most productive noun-forming suffixes in Dutch up until 16th century Dutch.[1] It was a deverbal noun former and formed with verbal stems, infinitives or participles. Nowadays, the suffix -nis “-ness” is either no longer productive or at most marginally productive.
  • In a few cases, the suffix carries a neuter gender; for example in vonnis and vuilnis

Derived terms

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Dutch terms suffixed with -nis
beeltenis
begrafenis
bekentenis
bekommernis
belevenis
belijdenis
bemoeienis
besnijdenis
betekenis
bewaarnis
bewustenis
deemsternis
deernis
droefenis
duisternis
erfenis
ergernis
gebeurtenis
gedachtenis
geheimenis
gelijkenis
geschiedenis
getuigenis
gevangenis
groetenis
hechtenis
herrijzenis
heugenis
hindernis
kennis
lafenis
nagedachtenis
ontkentenis
ontsteltenis
schennis
stoornis
treurnis
verbintenis
verderfenis
verdoemenis
vergiffenis
verrijzenis
versnijdenis
vervaarnis
vonnis
vuilnis
wildernis

References

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  1. ^ http://www.tntl.nl/index.php/tntl/article/view/286/272

German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German -nisse, from Old High German -nissī f, -nissi n, from Proto-West Germanic *-nassī. Cognate to English -ness.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /nɪs/
  • Audio:(file)

Suffix

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-nis n (genitive -nisses, plural -nisse)

  1. A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives.
    hindern (“to hinder, to hamper”) → Hindernis (“an obstacle”)
    geheim (“secret”, adjective) → Geheimnis (“a secret”, noun)

Derived terms

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Suffix

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-nis f (genitive -nis, plural -nisse)

  1. A suffix for deriving nouns from verbs or adjectives, etymologically identical to the preceding.
    erlauben (“to permit”) → Erlaubnis (“permission”)
    finster (“dark”) → Finsternis (“darkness”)

Usage notes

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There is no perfect rule to determine whether a noun with the suffix -nis is neuter (→ suffix 1) or feminine (→ suffix 2). The former may be concrete or abstract, whereas the latter are almost exclusively abstract.

Derived terms

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Middle English

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Suffix

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-nis

  1. Alternative form of -nesse

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-nis f

  1. Alternative form of -nes
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