Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paddǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bed- (“to swell”) (Pok. 96), from *bʰew- (“to swell”) (Pok. 98-102).

Also compare English puddle, Old English puduc (“swelling, lump, growth, wart”), Low German puddig (“swollen”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑd.dɔ̃ː/

Noun

*paddǭ f

1. toad

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *paddǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*paddǭ	*paddōniz
vocative	*paddǭ	*paddōniz
accusative	*paddōnų	*paddōnunz
genitive	*paddōniz	*paddōnǫ̂
dative	*paddōni	*paddōmaz
instrumental	*paddōnē	*paddōmiz

Derived terms

• *paddijǭ

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *paddā
  • Old English: padde
    • Middle English: padde, pade
      • English: pad; poade, pode
      • Scots: pade, pad; podde, pode
  • Old Frisian: padde
    • Saterland Frisian: Pudde
    • West Frisian: padde, podde, podd, pod
  • Old Saxon: *padda
    • Middle Low German: padde, pedde
      • Low German: Padde, Pudde
      • → German: Padde
  • Old Dutch: *padda
    • Middle Dutch: padde, pedde
      • Dutch: pad
        • Afrikaans: padda
  • → Vulgar Latin: *padda, *podda, *potta
    • Old French: bot
      • ⇒ Old French: boterel
    • Italian: botta
• Old Norse: padda
  • Icelandic: padda
  • Faroese: padda
  • Norn: padd
  • Norwegian Bokmål: padde
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: padde
  • Old Swedish: padda
    • Swedish: padda
  • Danish: padde
  • Elfdalian: padda
  • Gutnish: padde, paddå

References

• Pokorny, Julius, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, Tübingen: A. Francke Verlag, 1959.