Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ardwos
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃r̥dʰwós. Cognate with Latin arduus.
Adjective edit
*ardwos
Inflection edit
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ardwos | *ardwou | *ardwoi |
| vocative | *ardwe | *ardwou | *ardwoi |
| accusative | *ardwom | *ardwou | *ardwoms |
| genitive | *ardwī | *ardwous | *ardwom |
| dative | *ardwūi | *ardwobom | *ardwobos |
| instrumental | *ardwū | *ardwobim | *ardwobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ardwā | *ardwai | *ardwās |
| vocative | *ardwā | *ardwai | *ardwās |
| accusative | *ardwam | *ardwai | *ardwams |
| genitive | *ardwās | *ardwous | *ardwom |
| dative | *ardwai | *ardwābom | *ardwābos |
| instrumental | *? | *ardwābim | *ardwābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *ardwom | *ardwou | *ardwā |
| vocative | *ardwom | *ardwou | *ardwā |
| accusative | *ardwom | *ardwou | *ardwā |
| genitive | *ardwī | *ardwous | *ardwom |
| dative | *ardwūi | *ardwobom | *ardwobos |
| instrumental | *ardwū | *ardwobim | *ardwobis |
Descendants edit
References edit
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ardd”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies