Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/towto-

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

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Etymology

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Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *tewH- (to look favorably, protect, observe), see also Gothic 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸 (þiuþ, good thing), Latin tueor (I gaze), Proto-Germanic *þiudijaz (kind, good, friendly).[1]

The reason for the diverged meaning in Brythonic of "good, favorable" from "left, north" in Gaelic is unclear; possibly due to some sort of taboo replacement.

Adjective

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*towto-[2]

  1. left, north

Inflection

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O/ā-stem
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *towtos *towtou *towtoi
vocative *towte *towtou *towtoi
accusative *towtom *towtou *towtoms
genitive *towtī *towtous *towtom
dative *towtūi *towtobom *towtobos
instrumental *towtū *towtobim *towtobis
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *towtā *towtai *towtās
vocative *towtā *towtai *towtās
accusative *towtam *towtai *towtams
genitive *towtās *towtous *towtom
dative *towtai *towtābom *towtābos
instrumental *? *towtābim *towtābis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *towtom *towtou *towtā
vocative *towtom *towtou *towtā
accusative *towtom *towtou *towtā
genitive *towtī *towtous *towtom
dative *towtūi *towtobom *towtobos
instrumental *towtū *towtobim *towtobis

Descendants

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  • Proto-Brythonic:
    • Old Breton: tut (favorable, good), tuthe (kind of demon) (possibly)
  • Old Irish: túaid

References

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  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1079-1080”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 1079-1080
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*towto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 387