Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ulkos
Proto-Celtic
editAlternative forms
edit- *ulkʷos (if the etymology from the Proto-Indo-European word for ‘wolf’ is correct)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *h₁elḱ-, compare Proto-Indo-European *h₁élḱos (“sore, ulcer”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *ilhilaz (“bad, evil”), Latin ulcus (“wound, sore”), Ancient Greek ἕλκος (hélkos, “wound, ulcer”), Sanskrit अर्श (arśa, “hemorrhoids”).
Alternatively, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”), though both the phonology and the semantics are difficult. In this case, it should be reconstructed *ulkʷos.
Adjective
edit*ulkos (comparative *messos, superlative *messamos)
Declension
editO/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ulkos | *ulkou | *ulkoi |
vocative | *ulke | *ulkou | *ulkoi |
accusative | *ulkom | *ulkou | *ulkoms |
genitive | *ulkī | *ulkous | *ulkom |
dative | *ulkūi | *ulkobom | *ulkobos |
instrumental | *ulkū | *ulkobim | *ulkobis |
feminine | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ulkā | *ulkai | *ulkās |
vocative | *ulkā | *ulkai | *ulkās |
accusative | *ulkam | *ulkai | *ulkams |
genitive | *ulkās | *ulkous | *ulkom |
dative | *ulkai | *ulkābom | *ulkābos |
instrumental | *? | *ulkābim | *ulkābis |
neuter | singular | dual | plural |
nominative | *ulkom | *ulkou | *ulkā |
vocative | *ulkom | *ulkou | *ulkā |
accusative | *ulkom | *ulkou | *ulkā |
genitive | *ulkī | *ulkous | *ulkom |
dative | *ulkūi | *ulkobom | *ulkobos |
instrumental | *ulkū | *ulkobim | *ulkobis |