Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rankka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *strangaz.

Adjective

*rankka

1. heavy
2. harsh, hard
3. difficult

Inflection

Inflection of *rankka

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*rankka	*rank'at
accusative		*rank'an	*rank'at
genitive		*rank'an	*rankkadën *rankkoidën
partitive		*rankkada	*rankkoida
inessive		*rank'assa *rank'ahna	*rank'oissa *rank'oihna
elative		*rank'asta	*rank'oista
illative		*rankkahën	*rankkoihën
adessive		*rank'alla	*rank'oilla
ablative		*rank'alta	*rank'oilta
allative		*rankkalën *rankkalëk	*rankkoilën *rankkoilëk
essive		*rankkana	*rankkoina
translative		*rank'aksi	*rank'oiksi
instructive		*rank'an	*rank'oin
comitative		*rankkanëk	*rankkoinëk
abessive		*rank'atta	*rank'oitta

Descendants

From *rankka:

• Estonian: (dialectal) rank
• Finnish: rankka
• Ingrian: rankka
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: rankka
  • South Karelian: rankka
• Livvi: rankku
• Votic: rankkõ

From *ränkkä:

• Estonian: ränk
• Livonian: rǟnka
• Võro: ränk

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “rankka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
• “ränk”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012