Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/touk'at'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
editEtymology
editSound-symbolic + *-t'ak.
Verb
edit*touk'at'ak (stem *toukkada-)
Inflection
editInflection of *touk'at'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *toukkadan | *toukkacin | — | *touk'atkon |
| 2nd sing. | *toukkadat | *toukkacit | *toukkadak | *touk'atkos |
| 3rd sing. | *toukkadapi *touk'at |
*toukkaci | *touk'atkasën | *touk'atkosën |
| 1st plur. | *toukkadakmëk *toukkadakmak |
*toukkacimëk *toukkacimak |
*touk'atkatëmëk *touk'atkatamak |
*touk'atkotëmëk *touk'atkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *toukkadaktëk *toukkadaktak |
*toukkacidëk *toukkacidak |
*touk'atkatë *touk'atkata |
*touk'atkot'ëk *touk'atkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *toukkadabat *touk'at |
*toukkaci | *touk'atkasën | *touk'atkosën |
| passive | *toukkadaksën *toukkadat'aksën |
*touk'attisën *toukkadattihën |
*touk'attakahën *toukkadattagasën |
*touk'attakohën *toukkadattagosën |
| connegative | *toukkadak | — | *touk'atkak | *touk'atkok |
| passive connegative | *toukkadaktak | — | *touk'attagak *toukkadattagak |
*touk'attagok *toukkadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *toukkadakcin | *toukkacicin | *touk'annën | |
| 2nd sing. | *toukkadakcit | *toukkacicit | *touk'annët | |
| 3rd sing. | *toukkadakci | *toukkacici | *touk'anni | |
| 1st plur. | *toukkadakcimëk *toukkadakcimak |
*toukkacicimëk *toukkacicimak |
*touk'annëmëk *touk'annëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *toukkadakcidëk *toukkadakcidak |
*toukkacicidëk *toukkacicidak |
*touk'annëdëk *touk'annëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *toukkadakci | *toukkacici | *touk'anni | |
| passive | *touk'at'akcihën *toukkadat'akcisën |
*touk'atticihën *toukkadatticisën |
*touk'attanëhën *toukkadattanësën | |
| connegative | *toukkadakcik | *toukkacicik | *touk'annëk | |
| passive connegative | *touk'at'akcik *toukkadat'akcik |
*touk'atticik *toukkadatticik |
*touk'attanëk *toukkadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *touk'at'ak | present | *toukkadapa | *touk'attapa *toukkadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *touk'attë- | past | *touk'annut | *touk'attu *toukkadattu |
| gerund/supine | *toukkadama | |||
| action noun | *toukkadaminen | |||
Descendants
edit- Estonian: tõukama/tõugata
- Finnish: (dialectal) toukata
- Ingrian: toukata
- Võro: toukama/tougadaq
- Votic: toukõtõ
From *töük'ät'äk:
Further reading
edit- “tõukama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “toukata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN