Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þawjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂- (“to melt”).

Verb

*þawjaną

1. to thaw

Inflection

Conjugation of *þawjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þawjō	*þawjaų	—	*þawjai	?
2nd singular	*þawisi	*þawjais	*þawi	*þawjasai	*þawjaisau
3rd singular	*þawiþi	*þawjai	*þawjaþau	*þawjaþai	*þawjaiþau
1st dual	*þawjōs	*þawjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*þawjaþiz	*þawjaiþiz	*þawjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*þawjamaz	*þawjaim	—	*þawjanþai	*þawjainþau
2nd plural	*þawiþ	*þawjaiþ	*þawiþ	*þawjanþai	*þawjainþau
3rd plural	*þawjanþi	*þawjain	*þawjanþau	*þawjanþai	*þawjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*þawidǭ	*þawidēdį̄
2nd singular	*þawidēz	*þawidēdīz
3rd singular	*þawidē	*þawidēdī
1st dual	*þawidēdū	*þawidēdīw
2nd dual	*þawidēdudiz	*þawidēdīdiz
1st plural	*þawidēdum	*þawidēdīm
2nd plural	*þawidēdud	*þawidēdīd
3rd plural	*þawidēdun	*þawidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*þawjandz	*þawidaz

Related terms

• *þawanōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *þauwjan
  • Old English: þawian
    • Middle English: thawen, thowen
      • English: thaw
      • Scots: thow
  • Old Frisian: *thēia
    • West Frisian: teie
  • Old Saxon: *thouwian, thōian
    • Middle Low German: douwen, dôien, deyen
      • German Low German: deien
  • Old Dutch: *thōien
    • Middle Dutch: dôyen
      • Dutch: dooien
  • Old High German: thouwen
    • Middle High German: douwen
      • ⇒ Middle High German: touwen (merged with *dawwāną)
        • German: tauen
    • ⇒ Old High German: firthouwen
      • Middle High German: verdouwen
        • German: verdauen
• Old Norse: þeyja
  • Icelandic: þeyja
  • Faroese: toyggja, toya
  • Norwegian: tøya
  • Swedish: töa
  • Danish: tø