Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dwaiskijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰwey- (“to slip away; dwindle; die”), from *dʰew- (“to dwindle, die”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdwɑi̯s.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*dwaiskijaną

(West Germanic) (transitive) to suffocate, extinguish

Inflection

Conjugation of *dwaiskijaną (weak class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*dwaiskijō	*dwaiskijaų	—	*dwaiskijai	?
2nd singular	*dwaiskīsi	*dwaiskijais	*dwaiskī	*dwaiskijasai	*dwaiskijaisau
3rd singular	*dwaiskīþi	*dwaiskijai	*dwaiskijaþau	*dwaiskijaþai	*dwaiskijaiþau
1st dual	*dwaiskijōs	*dwaiskijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*dwaiskijaþiz	*dwaiskijaiþiz	*dwaiskijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*dwaiskijamaz	*dwaiskijaim	—	*dwaiskijanþai	*dwaiskijainþau
2nd plural	*dwaiskīþ	*dwaiskijaiþ	*dwaiskīþ	*dwaiskijanþai	*dwaiskijainþau
3rd plural	*dwaiskijanþi	*dwaiskijain	*dwaiskijanþau	*dwaiskijanþai	*dwaiskijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*dwaiskidǭ	*dwaiskidēdį̄
2nd singular	*dwaiskidēz	*dwaiskidēdīz
3rd singular	*dwaiskidē	*dwaiskidēdī
1st dual	*dwaiskidēdū	*dwaiskidēdīw
2nd dual	*dwaiskidēdudiz	*dwaiskidēdīdiz
1st plural	*dwaiskidēdum	*dwaiskidēdīm
2nd plural	*dwaiskidēdud	*dwaiskidēdīd
3rd plural	*dwaiskidēdun	*dwaiskidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*dwaiskijandz	*dwaiskidaz

Related terms

*dwīnaną (possibly)

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *dwaiskijan
- Old English: dwǣsċan
  - Middle English: duschen
    - English: dush
    - Scots: dusch
  - ⇒ Old English: ādwǣsċan
    - Middle English: adweschen
  - ⇒ Old English: tōdwǣsċan
- Old Frisian: *dwēska
  - West Frisian: dwêste
    - ⇒ West Frisian: dwêstgje, dwêstje
    - ⇒ West Frisian: sândwêste
    - ⇒ West Frisian: útdwêste
- Old Dutch: *dwēsken
  - Middle Dutch: dwesscen, dwisscen