Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krītaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *greyd-, *grey- (“to shout”). Cognate with Middle Irish grith (“a cry”), Welsh gryd (“a scream”), Latin gingriō (“cackle; squawk; quack”, verb). The assignment of this reconstruction to the level of Proto-Germanic rests on the Crimean Gothic hapax eriten (taken to be a misspelling of *criten or the like).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkriː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*krītaną

1. to call out, scream, shout, proclaim

Inflection

Conjugation of *krītaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*krītō	*krītaų	—	*krītai	?
2nd singular	*krītizi	*krītaiz	*krīt	*krītazai	*krītaizau
3rd singular	*krītidi	*krītai	*krītadau	*krītadai	*krītaidau
1st dual	*krītōz	*krītaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*krītadiz	*krītaidiz	*krītadiz	—	—
1st plural	*krītamaz	*krītaim	—	*krītandai	*krītaindau
2nd plural	*krītid	*krītaid	*krītid	*krītandai	*krītaindau
3rd plural	*krītandi	*krītain	*krītandau	*krītandai	*krītaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*krait	*kritį̄
2nd singular	*kraist	*kritīz
3rd singular	*krait	*kritī
1st dual	*kritū	*kritīw
2nd dual	*kritudiz	*kritīdiz
1st plural	*kritum	*kritīm
2nd plural	*kritud	*kritīd
3rd plural	*kritun	*kritīn
	present	past
participles	*krītandz	*kritanaz

Related terms

• *kraitijaną
• *krīskaną
• *krīstaną
• *kritiz m

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *krītan
  • Old Frisian: *krīta
    • Saterland Frisian: kriete
    • West Frisian: krite
  • Old Saxon: *krītan
    • Middle Low German: krîten
      • Low German: krieten
  • Old Dutch: *crītan
    • Middle Dutch: criten
      • Dutch: krijten
        • Afrikaans: kryt
  • Old High German: *krīzan
    • Middle High German: krīzen
      • German: kreißen
• >? Crimean Gothic: eriten