Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krumpōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic edit

Etymology edit

From Pre-Germanic *grm̥bʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to *krimpaną (“to shrink”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈkrum.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb edit

*krumpōną

to shrink, draw back from

Inflection edit

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *krump- against non-singular *krumb-.

Conjugation of *krumpōną (weak class 2)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*krumpō	*krumpǭ	—	*krumpōi	?
2nd singular	*krumpōsi	*krumpōs	*krumpō	*krumpōsai	*krumpōsau
3rd singular	*krumpōþi	*krumpō	*krumpōþau	*krumpōþai	*krumpōþau
1st dual	*krumpōs	*krumpōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*krumpōþiz	*krumpōþiz	*krumpōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*krumpōmaz	*krumpōm	—	*krumpōnþai	*krumpōnþau
2nd plural	*krumpōþ	*krumpōþ	*krumpōþ	*krumpōnþai	*krumpōnþau
3rd plural	*krumpōnþi	*krumpōn	*krumpōnþau	*krumpōnþai	*krumpōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*krumpōdǭ	*krumpōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*krumpōdēz	*krumpōdēdīz
3rd singular	*krumpōdē	*krumpōdēdī
1st dual	*krumpōdēdū	*krumpōdēdīw
2nd dual	*krumpōdēdudiz	*krumpōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*krumpōdēdum	*krumpōdēdīm
2nd plural	*krumpōdēdud	*krumpōdēdīd
3rd plural	*krumpōdēdun	*krumpōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*krumpōndz	*krumpōdaz

Descendants edit

English: crump (obsolete), cf. crumple (with frequentative suffix)
German: krumpfen

References edit

Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN