Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rupatjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *rupitjaną

Etymology

From *rupōną (“to belch”) +‎ *-atjaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈru.pɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rupatjaną

1. to belch

Inflection

Conjugation of *rupatjaną (weak class 1 j-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*rupatjō	*rupatjaų	—	*rupatjai	?
2nd singular	*rupatisi	*rupatjais	*rupati	*rupatjasai	*rupatjaisau
3rd singular	*rupatiþi	*rupatjai	*rupatjaþau	*rupatjaþai	*rupatjaiþau
1st dual	*rupatjōs	*rupatjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*rupatjaþiz	*rupatjaiþiz	*rupatjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*rupatjamaz	*rupatjaim	—	*rupatjanþai	*rupatjainþau
2nd plural	*rupatiþ	*rupatjaiþ	*rupatiþ	*rupatjanþai	*rupatjainþau
3rd plural	*rupatjanþi	*rupatjain	*rupatjanþau	*rupatjanþai	*rupatjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*rupastǭ	*rupastēdį̄
2nd singular	*rupastēz	*rupastēdīz
3rd singular	*rupastē	*rupastēdī
1st dual	*rupastēdū	*rupastēdīw
2nd dual	*rupastēdudiz	*rupastēdīdiz
1st plural	*rupastēdum	*rupastēdīm
2nd plural	*rupastēdud	*rupastēdīd
3rd plural	*rupastēdun	*rupastēdīn
	present	past
participles	*rupatjandz	*rupatidaz

Related terms

• *rapitjaną
  • Old Norse: repta
    • Scots: rift
• *raupitjaną
  • Old Norse: reypta

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *ropattjan
  • Old Saxon: *ropettian
    • Middle Low German: ropsen (influenced by Middle High German)
  • Old High German: ropfezzen, roffezzen
    • Middle High German: roffezen, rofzen
• Old Norse: rypta (< *rupitjaną)
  • → Middle English: riften
    • English: rift