Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skapą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *skapjaną (“to make, to create”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskɑ.pɑ̃/

Noun

*skapą

shape

Declension

neuter a-stemDeclension of *skapą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skapą	*skapō
vocative	*skapą	*skapō
accusative	*skapą	*skapō
genitive	skapas, skapis	*skapǫ̂
dative	*skapai	*skapamaz
instrumental	*skapō	*skapamiz

Derived terms

*skapōną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skap
- Old English: sceap, ġesceap
  - Middle English: shap, schape
    - English: shape
- Old Frisian: skep
  - North Frisian: schååp
- Old Saxon: skap
  - Middle Low German: schap
    - Low German: Schapp
      - → German: Schapp
    - Plautdietsch: Schaup
    - → Old Norse: skáp (late)
      - Icelandic: skápur
      - Faroese: skáp
      - Old Danish: skap, skaap
        Danish: skab
      - Norwegian:
        Norwegian Bokmål: skap
        Norwegian Nynorsk: skap, skåp
      - Old Swedish: skap, skāp
        Swedish: skåp
        → Finnish: kaappi
        → Ingrian: kaappi
        → Votic: kaappi
    - → Estonian: kapp
    - → Latvian: skapis
- Old Dutch: *skap
  - Middle Dutch: schap
    - Dutch: schap
- Old High German: scaf
  - Middle High German: schaf
    - Central Franconian: Schaf
      - Luxembourgish: Schaf
    - German: Schaff
    - → Polish: szafa
      - → Belarusian: ша́фа (šáfa)
      - → Ukrainian: ша́фа (šáfa)
      - → Yiddish: שאַפֿע (shafe)
    - → Russian: шкаф (škaf) (see there for further descendants)
    - → Bulgarian: шкаф (škaf)
    - → Serbo-Croatian: шкаф
  - Italo-Romance:
    - → Italian: scaffa
    - → Sicilian: scaffa
      - → Maltese: xkaffa
Old Norse: skap
- Icelandic: skap
- Norwegian Bokmål: skap m or n