Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spīwatjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

• *spūtijaną

Etymology

From *spīwaną +‎ *-atjaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈspiː.u̯ɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*spīwatjaną

1. to spit
2. to spout

Inflection

Conjugation of *spīwatjaną (weak class 1 j-present)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*spīwatjō	*spīwatjaų	—	*spīwatjai	?
2nd singular	*spīwatisi	*spīwatjais	*spīwati	*spīwatjasai	*spīwatjaisau
3rd singular	*spīwatiþi	*spīwatjai	*spīwatjaþau	*spīwatjaþai	*spīwatjaiþau
1st dual	*spīwatjōs	*spīwatjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*spīwatjaþiz	*spīwatjaiþiz	*spīwatjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*spīwatjamaz	*spīwatjaim	—	*spīwatjanþai	*spīwatjainþau
2nd plural	*spīwatiþ	*spīwatjaiþ	*spīwatiþ	*spīwatjanþai	*spīwatjainþau
3rd plural	*spīwatjanþi	*spīwatjain	*spīwatjanþau	*spīwatjanþai	*spīwatjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*spīwastǭ	*spīwastēdį̄
2nd singular	*spīwastēz	*spīwastēdīz
3rd singular	*spīwastē	*spīwastēdī
1st dual	*spīwastēdū	*spīwastēdīw
2nd dual	*spīwastēdudiz	*spīwastēdīdiz
1st plural	*spīwastēdum	*spīwastēdīm
2nd plural	*spīwastēdud	*spīwastēdīd
3rd plural	*spīwastēdun	*spīwastēdīn
	present	past
participles	*spīwatjandz	*spīwatidaz

Related terms

• *sputtijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *spīwattjan
  • Old English:
    • Middle English: spouten
      • English: spout
  • Old Dutch:
    • Middle Dutch: spoiten
      • Dutch: spuiten
  • Old High German: spīwezen, spūwezen, spiuwezen
    • Middle High German: spiutzen, spūtzen
      • German: speuzen (archaic)
      • Luxembourgish: späizen
• Old Norse: spýta
  • Icelandic: spýta
  • Faroese: spýta
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: spyta