Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sturmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)tur- (“to rotate, swirl, twirl, move around”).

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /ˈstur.mɑz/

Noun edit

*sturmaz m

storm
Synonyms: *skūrō, *hrīþō

Inflection edit

masculine a-stemDeclension of *sturmaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*sturmaz	sturmōz, sturmōs
vocative	*sturm	sturmōz, sturmōs
accusative	*sturmą	*sturmanz
genitive	sturmas, sturmis	*sturmǫ̂
dative	*sturmai	*sturmamaz
instrumental	*sturmō	*sturmamiz

Derived terms edit

*sturmijaną

Related terms edit

*sturiz

Descendants edit

Proto-West Germanic: *sturm
- Old English: storm, stearm
  - Middle English: storm
    - English: storm
      - → Esperanto: ŝtormo
      - → Irish: stoirm
      - → Scottish Gaelic: stoirm
    - Scots: storm
    - Yola: stharm, starm
- Old Frisian: *storm
  - Saterland Frisian: Stoarm
  - West Frisian: stoarm
- Old Saxon: storm
  - Middle Low German: storm
    - German Low German: Storm
    - → Polish: sztorm
- Old Dutch: *sturm
  - Middle Dutch: storm
    - Dutch: storm
      - Afrikaans: storm
      - Negerhollands: storm
      - → Papiamentu: storm
- Old High German: sturm
  - Middle High German: sturm
    - German: Sturm
    - Yiddish: שטורעם (shturem)
    - → Polish: szturm
    - → Russian: штурм (šturm)
    - Luxembourgish: Stuerm
    - Hunsrik: Storrem
  - Lombardic: *sturm
    - → Italian: stormo
- → Vulgar Latin: *estornus, *estorma
  - Old French: estor, estour, estur, estorme, estorn
    - Middle French: estor, estour
    - → Middle English: stour, store, stor
      - English: stour
      - Scots: sture, stour
  - Occitan: estorn
Old Norse: stormr
- Icelandic: stormur
- Faroese: stormur
- Norwegian: storm (Bokmål), storm (Nynorsk)
- Old Swedish: stormber
  - Swedish: storm
- Danish: storm