Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tarbijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dorbʰéyeti, a causative formation of Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (“to plait, braid, twist, spin, weave, wind”). A direct cognate with दर्भयति (darbháyati).

Verb

*tarbijaną

1. to wind; spin
2. to fling; throw

Inflection

Conjugation of *tarbijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tarbijō	*tarbijaų	—	*tarbijai	?
2nd singular	*tarbīsi	*tarbijais	*tarbī	*tarbijasai	*tarbijaisau
3rd singular	*tarbīþi	*tarbijai	*tarbijaþau	*tarbijaþai	*tarbijaiþau
1st dual	*tarbijōs	*tarbijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*tarbijaþiz	*tarbijaiþiz	*tarbijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*tarbijamaz	*tarbijaim	—	*tarbijanþai	*tarbijainþau
2nd plural	*tarbīþ	*tarbijaiþ	*tarbīþ	*tarbijanþai	*tarbijainþau
3rd plural	*tarbijanþi	*tarbijain	*tarbijanþau	*tarbijanþai	*tarbijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tarbidǭ	*tarbidēdį̄
2nd singular	*tarbidēz	*tarbidēdīz
3rd singular	*tarbidē	*tarbidēdī
1st dual	*tarbidēdū	*tarbidēdīw
2nd dual	*tarbidēdudiz	*tarbidēdīdiz
1st plural	*tarbidēdum	*tarbidēdīm
2nd plural	*tarbidēdud	*tarbidēdīd
3rd plural	*tarbidēdun	*tarbidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*tarbijandz	*tarbidaz

Related terms

• *tarbalōną
• *terbaną
• *tirbijaną
• *turbaz
• *turbōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *tarbijan
  • Old English: *tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian
    • Middle English: tirven, tyrven, terven
      • English: terve
        • ⇒ English: tervy
          • ⇒ English: topsy-turvy
      • Scots: tirvie
      • ⇒ Middle English: overterven, overtarven
        • Scots: overtirve, ourtirve
      • ⇒ Middle English: tyrf, tyrfe
        • English: tirfe
    • ⇒ Old English: ġetyrfan, ġetyrfian
  • Old High German: zerben
    • Middle High German: zirben