Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tinhaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite, sting”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtĩː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*tinhaną^[1]

(West Germanic) to press, throng

Inflection

Conjugation of *tinhaną (strong class 3)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*tinhō	*tinhaų	—	*tinhai	?
2nd singular	*tinhizi	*tinhaiz	*tinh	*tinhazai	*tinhaizau
3rd singular	*tinhidi	*tinhai	*tinhadau	*tinhadai	*tinhaidau
1st dual	*tinhōz	*tinhaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*tinhadiz	*tinhaidiz	*tinhadiz	—	—
1st plural	*tinhamaz	*tinhaim	—	*tinhandai	*tinhaindau
2nd plural	*tinhid	*tinhaid	*tinhid	*tinhandai	*tinhaindau
3rd plural	*tinhandi	*tinhain	*tinhandau	*tinhandai	*tinhaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tanh	*tungį̄
2nd singular	*tanht	*tungīz
3rd singular	*tanh	*tungī
1st dual	*tungū	*tungīw
2nd dual	*tungudiz	*tungīdiz
1st plural	*tungum	*tungīm
2nd plural	*tungud	*tungīd
3rd plural	*tungun	*tungīn

	present	past
participles	*tinhandz	*tunganaz

Derived terms

Descendants

Old English shows leveling of Verner's alternation, similar to ġeþingan from *þinhaną.

Old English: *tingan, ġetingan

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*tingan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518: “*tinhan-”

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*tingan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518: “*tinhan-”

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