Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wurdą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰh₁om.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwur.ðɑ̃/

Noun

*wurdą n

word
speech, saying

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *wurdą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*wurdą	*wurdō
vocative	*wurdą	*wurdō
accusative	*wurdą	*wurdō
genitive	wurdas, wurdis	*wurdǫ̂
dative	*wurdai	*wurdamaz
instrumental	*wurdō	*wurdamiz

Derived terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *word
- Old English: word
  - Middle English: word, wurd, weord
    - Scots: wird, wourd
    - English: word
- Old Frisian: word, werd, wird
  - North Frisian:
    - Föhr: wurd
    - Helgoland: Wür
    - Mooring: uurd
  - Saterland Frisian: Woud, Wud (Strukelje)
  - West Frisian: wurd
- Old Saxon: word
  - Middle Low German: wort
    - German Low German: Woord
- Old Dutch: wort
  - Middle Dutch: wort
    - Dutch: woord
      - Afrikaans: woord
  - Limburgish: waord
- Old High German: wort
  - Middle High German: wort
    - Alemannic German:
      Alsatian: Wort
      Italian Walser: wort, wourd, wuart, wòrt, wört
      Swabian: Wort
    - Bavarian: Wort, Wurt
      Cimbrian: bóart, bort (Luserna, Tredici Comuni)
      Mòcheno: bourt
      Udinese: boart, bort, bört
    - Central Franconian: Woot, Wort (Moselle Franconian; some dialects of Ripuarian)
      Hunsrik: Wort
    - German: Wort
    - Luxembourgish: Wuert
    - Vilamovian: wiüt
    - Yiddish: וואָרט (vort)
Old Norse: orð
- Icelandic: orð
- Faroese: orð
- Norwegian Nynorsk: ord
- Norwegian Bokmål: ord
- Elfdalian: uord
- Old Swedish: orþ, ordh
  - Swedish: ord
- Old Danish: orth
  - Danish: ord
  - Scanian: orð
- Old Gutnish: orþ
  - Gutnish: ård
Gothic: 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 (waurd)