Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/dáHtram

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology 1

From *daH- (“to cut, mow”, root) +‎ *tram (suffix denoting an instrument).

Noun

*dáHtram n

1. a sickle, scythe

Inflection

neuter a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dáHtram	*dáHtray	*dáHtraH
vocative	*dáHtram	*dáHtray	*dáHtraH
accusative	*dáHtram	*dáHtray	*dáHtraH
instrumental	*dáHtraH	*dáHtraybʰyā(m)	*dáHtrāyš
ablative	*dáHtrāt	*dáHtraybʰyā(m)	*dáHtraybʰyas
dative	*dáHtrāy	*dáHtraybʰyā(m)	*dáHtraybʰyas
genitive	*dáHtrasya	*dáHtrayās	*dáHtrānaHam
locative	*dáHtray	*dáHtrayaw	*dáHtrayšu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dáHtram
  • Sanskrit: दात्र (dā́tra) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *dáHθram
  • Bartangi: δōς
  • Old Persian: *dāçah
    • Middle Persian: [script needed] (dʾs /⁠dās⁠/, “sickle”)
      • Persian: داس (dâs)
  • Parthian: [script needed] (dēš, “sickle”)
  • Pashto: لور (lor)
  • Sogdian: [script needed] (δrʾʾšʾy)
  • Wakhi: δәtr, δыtr
  • Yagnobi: [script needed] (dirot), [script needed] (diros)

Further reading

• Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2012) “The Iranian Reflexes of Proto-Iranian *ns”, in Orientalia Suecana‎^[2], volume 61, page 139

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *déh₃-trom, from *deh₃- (“to give”).

Noun

*dáHtram n

1. a gift, offering

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dáHtram
  • Sanskrit: दात्र (dātrá, “gift”)
• Proto-Iranian: *dáHθram
  • Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬚𐬭𐬀 (dāθra, “gift, offering”)
• → Proto-Finnic: *takra (“piece of meat, bait”)