Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/sárȷ́ati

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *sérǵ-e-ti ~ *sl̥ǵ-én-ti, from *selǵ- (“to stand”) +‎ *-éti.^[1] Cognate with Old English āseolcan (whence English sulk), Middle High German selken (“drizzle”), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /⁠šalkzi⁠/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.^[2] See also Old Armenian զերծանեմ (zercanem).

Verb edit

*sárȷ́ati

to let go, dismiss, release, cast off

Descendants edit

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́ati ~ *sr̥ȷ́ánti
- Sanskrit: सृजति (sṛjáti) (leveling)
- ⇒ Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́ana
  - Sanskrit: सर्जन (sárjana)
    - ⇒ Sanskrit: अपसर्जन (apasarjana, “abandonment”)
- ⇒? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́kas (secondary^[3])
  - Sanskrit: सर्ग (sárga, “pouring, rush”)
- ⇒? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sr̥ȷ́kás (secondary^[3]^[4])
  - Sanskrit: सृक (sṛká), सृग (sṛgá, “arrow, spear”)^[5]
Proto-Iranian: *hr̥játi^[1]
- Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (har^əzaⁱti)
  - ⇒ Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (har^əzana)
    - ⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (apahar^əzana, “dismissal”)
- Bactrian: υιρζ (uirz)
- Central Kurdish: ھێڵان (hêllan, “leave, let, allow”), ھێڵ- (hêll-)
- Parthian: 𐫍𐫏𐫡𐫉𐫏𐫅 (hyrzyd)
- Pashto: ايښودل (iẍodë́l, eśodë́l), اښودل (iẍodë́l), ايخودل (ixodë́l), ايښول (iẍawë́l), ايښوول (iśowë́l), اېښل (eẍë́l, iẍë́l, “to place”)
- Old Persian: [script needed] (*hr̥zati)
  - Middle Persian:^[6]
    Manichaean: 𐫍𐫏𐫓𐫏𐫅 (hylyd)
    
    Pahlavi: [script needed] (ŠḆKWN-tn /⁠hištan⁠/)
    - Persian: هلیدن (helidan)
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *Hawahr̥játi
  - Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (auuaŋhər^əzāmi)
  - Old Persian: 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎼𐎭 (a-v-h-r-d /⁠avahard-⁠/, “to let go, abandon”)^[7]
  - → Old Armenian: ապահարզան (apaharzan, “divorce”)

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*harz-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “šalk-^zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 821
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “SARJ¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 709
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (1992) “The Indo-Iranian laryngeal accent shift and its relative chronology”, in Rekonstruktion und relative Chronologie. Akten der VIII. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaf‎^[2], volume 31, Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, page 71
^ Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-Iranian/sárȷ́ati”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1245.
^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “hištan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
^ Muhammad A. Dandamayev, Mansour Shaki, Sachiko Murata, Akbar Aghajanian, Jenny Rose, Mujan Momen (2011) “DIVORCE”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York

[Cheung-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*harz-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “šalk-^zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 821

[EWAia-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “SARJ¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 709

[4] Lubotsky, Alexander (1992) “The Indo-Iranian laryngeal accent shift and its relative chronology”, in Rekonstruktion und relative Chronologie. Akten der VIII. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaf‎^[2], volume 31, Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, page 71

[5] Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-Iranian/sárȷ́ati”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1245.

[6] MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “hištan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

[7] Muhammad A. Dandamayev, Mansour Shaki, Sachiko Murata, Akbar Aghajanian, Jenny Rose, Mujan Momen (2011) “DIVORCE”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York

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