Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/paridayjah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative forms

• *parādáyjah

Etymology

From *pari- (“around”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pari-, from Proto-Indo-European *per-, + *dáyjah (“wall”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰáyȷ́ʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead, form”).

Noun

*paridayjah

1. circular boundary wall; place enclosed by a circular boundary wall
2. garden

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*paridáyjah	*paridáyjā	*paridáyjā
vocative	*paridáyja	*paridáyjā	*paridáyjā
accusative	*paridáyjam	*paridáyjā	*paridáyjānh
instrumental	*paridáyjā	*paridáyjaybyaH	*paridáyjāyš
ablative	*paridáyjāt	*paridáyjaybyaH	*paridáyjaybyah
dative	*paridáyjāy	*paridáyjaybyaH	*paridáyjaybyah
genitive	*paridáyjahya	*paridáyjayāh	*paridáyjānam
locative	*paridáyjay	*paridáyjayaw	*paridáyjayšu

Descendants

• Central Iranian:
  • Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌⸱𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬰𐬀 (paⁱri.daēza)
• Northeastern Iranian:
  • Bactrian: [script needed] (prdyjg, prdyźg)
  • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (prdyz)
  • Sogdian: [script needed] (prδyz /⁠parδēz⁠/)
• Northwestern Iranian:
  • Kurdish:

    Central Kurdish: پەرێز (perêz)

    Northern Kurdish: parêz, parîz

  • Old Median: *paridayzah
    • Middle Median: *pālēz
      • ⇒ Middle Median: *pālēzag
        • Kermanic: پآلیزه (pâliza)
    • → Old Persian: *paridayzah
      • → Middle Persian: *pālēz, *pardēz
        • Classical Persian: پالیز (pâlēz)
          • Dari: پالیز (pâlêz)
          • Iranian Persian: پالیز (pâliz)
          • Tajik: полиз (poliz)
          • → Arabic: فالِيز (fālīz)
        • → Old Armenian: պարտէզ (partēz) (see there for further descendants)
      • → Akkadian: 𒌓𒁲𒂊𒋢 (/⁠pardēsu⁠/) (< Late OP /*pardēzə/)
      • → Aramaic: (< Late OP /*pardēzə/)

        Christian Palestinian Aramaic: ܦܘܪܕܝܣܐ

        Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (pardasa), [script needed] (pardisa)

        Classical Syriac: ܦܪܕܝܣܐ (pardaysā)

        Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: פַּרְדֵּיסָא (pardēsā)

        Jewish Palestinian Aramaic: פַּרְדֵּיסָא (pardēsā) (absolutive: פַּרְדֵּס (pardēs))

        • → Hebrew: פַּרְדֵּס (pardēs)
        • → Middle Persian: *pardēs
          • Classical Persian: پردیس (pardēs)
            • Dari: پردیس (pardēs)
            • Iranian Persian: پردیس (pardīs)
            • Tajik: пардес (pardes)
            • → Arabic: فَرْدِيس (fardīs)
      • → Ancient Greek: παράδεισος (parádeisos) (see there for further descendants)
• Southwestern Iranian:
  • Old Persian: 𐎱𐎼𐎭𐎹𐎭𐎠𐎶 (p-r-d-y-d-a-m /⁠paradayadām⁠/) (see there for further descendants)

References

• Brandenstein, Wilhelm, Mayrhofer, Manfred (1964) Handbuch des Altpersischen (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, pages 8, 137
• Cabolov, R. L. (2010) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 103
• Eilers, Wilhelm (1962) “Iranisches Lehngut im arabischen Lexikon”, in Indo-Iranian Journal (in German), volume 5, number 3, pages 206, 223
• Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎^[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 179
• Janda, Michael (2004) Die Sprache Der Meder (dissertation)‎^[2] (in German), University of Zurich, page 106
• Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 314–315
• “prds”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2016-03-23

External links

• Paradise garden on Wikipedia.Wikipedia