Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/panas

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /panas/

Adjective

*panas

1. warm, hot

Descendants

• Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Central Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Central Maluku:
      • Geser-Gorom: mfanas
    • Flores–Lembata:
      • Kedang: pana
    • Kei–Tanimbar:
      • Yamdena: fanas
    • Selaru:
      • Selaru: anas
    • Sumba–Flores:
      • Bima: pana
      • Dhao: pana
      • Kambera: pana, mbana
      • Kodi: banaha
      • Mamboru: banasa
      • Manggarai: panas
      • Ngadha: pana, bana
      • Rembong: panas
      • Sabu: pana
      • So'a: bana
    • Timor–Babar:
      • Baikeno: manas
      • Bilba: hana
      • Galoli: panas
      • Leti (Indonesia): pansa
      • Luang: pahene
      • Tetun Dili: hanas
      • Tugun: 'pʰana
    • → Eritai: panas
  • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
      • Buli (Indonesia): fànas
      • Matbat: benis, benes
      • Ma'ya: ꞌbini³s
    • Proto-Oceanic: *panas
      • Central–Eastern Oceanic:
        • Proto-Polynesian: *fana
          • Hawaiian: hana
          • Maori: hana
          • Rapa Nui: hana
          • Tuamotuan: hana
      • Western Oceanic:
        • Kove: wanawana
        • Sobei: mefna
• Western Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Basap–Greater Barito:
    • Basap: panas
    • East Barito:
      • Malagasy: fana
  • Kayanic:
    • Bahau: hanah
    • Modang: pəneə̯h, pənih (Long Gelat)
    • Segai: pnas
    • Wahau Kayan: mnæs
  • Land Dayak:
    • Rejang: paneus
  • North Borneo:
    • Central Sarawak:
      • Kajaman: pana
      • Lahanan: pana
    • Proto-North Sarawak:
      • Dayic:
        • Lun Bawang: pana
      • Bakung: pana
      • Penan:
        • Eastern Penan: pana
        • Western Penan: pana
    • Northeast Sabah:
      • Ida'an: panas
  • Proto-Philippine:
    • Mongondow: panat
  • Celebic:
    • Muna: fanaha
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
    • Karo Batak: panas
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Bali–Sasak:
      • Balinese: panas, panes
      • Sasak: panas
    • Proto-Malayic: *panas
      • Iban: panas
      • Malay: panas
        • Indonesian: panas
      • Minangkabau: paneh, panaih
    • Sundanese: ᮕᮔᮞ᮪ (panas)
  • Old Javanese: panas
    • Javanese: ꦥꦤꦱ꧀ (panas)
  • Proto-South Sulawesi:
    • Embaloh: panas
    • Tae': pana'

Further reading

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *panas₁