Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/dörben

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Proto-Mongolic cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : *dörben     Ordinal : *dötüxer     Distributive : *dörbexed     Collective : *dörbexülen

Etymology

Likely morphologically *dör +‎ *-ben. The final consonant -r on the root occurs in the roots of *gurban (“three”), *harban (“ten”), as well as Pre-Proto-Mongolic *jir (“two”) and may be a secondary suffix. If so, *dö- may be a further root, which forms *döcin (“forty”), *dönen (“four-year-old”) and *dötüxer (“fourth”). Compare Khitan 𘲂 (dur).

The Shirongol forms go back to an unrounded *derben.

Numeral

*dörben

1. four

Related terms

• *döcin (“forty”)
• *dötüer (“fourth”)
• *dönen (“four-year-old”)

Descendants

• Middle Mongol:
  • Mongolian: ᠳᠥ᠋ᠷᠪᠡ᠋ (dörbe)
  • Arabic: دوربان (dwrbân) (Muqaddimat)
  • Chinese: 得勒班 (deleban) (Beilu Yiyu)
  • Phags-pa: ꡊꡡꡘꡎꡠ (dörbe)
• Mongolian:
  • Classical: ᠳᠥ᠋ᠷᠪᠡ᠋ (dörbe)
  • Khalkha Mongolian: дөрөв (döröv)
  • Ordos: dörwö
• Oirat:
  • Kalmyk: дөрвн (dörvn)
  • Written: ᡑᡈᠷᡋᡉᠨ (dörbün)
• Buryat: дүрбэн (dürben)
• Daur: durbun
• East Yugur: dørβen
• Monguor:
  • Mongghul: deːren
  • Mangghuer: derbaŋ
• Bonan: deraŋ
• Kangjia: derɔ
• Dongxiang: jieron
• Mogholi: durbɔn

Further reading

• Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎^[1], Utrecht: LOT, page 318