Alternative reconstructions
edit
From Proto-Japonic *ari (“ant”).
*ari
- ant
- Northern Ryukyuan:
- Kikai: (< *ani)
- Aden: 蟻 (āī̃) (tone class AB)
- Araki: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)
- Kamikatetsu: 蟻 (ai) (tone class AB)
- Nakasato: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)
- Onotsu: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)
- Sakamine: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)
- Shiomichi: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)
- Shitōke: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)
- Wan: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)
- Kunigami:
- Nakijin: 蟻 (ai) (tone class A)
- Oku: 蟻 (ani)
- Northern Amami Ōshima: (< *ami, *ani)
- Sani: 蟻 (an)
- Yamatohama: 蟻 (ami)
- Yuwan: 蟻 (an)
- Okinawan: (< *ari, *ariwa)
- Shuri: 蟻 (ai, ayā) (tone class A)
- Okinoerabu: (< *ani)
- Kamishiro: 蟻 (ani)
- Kunigami: 蟻 (ani) (tone class A)
- Southern Amami Ōshima: (< *ani)
- Koniya: 蟻 (an)
- Shodon: 蟻 (an, ani) (tone class A)
- Yoro: 蟻 (an)
- Tokunoshima: (< *ami, *ani)
- Inō: 蟻 (anï)
- Isen: 蟻 (ami)
- San: 蟻 (ami)
- Yoron: 蟻 (anku) (< *aniko)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
- Miyako: (< *ari, *aka-ari, *arigara)
- Bora: 蟻 (akāz, azgara)
- Hirara: 蟻 (āz, akāz)
- Ikema: 蟻 (akai)
- Irabu: 蟻 (ahāz)
- Karimata: 蟻 (hāï)
- Kugai: 蟻 (akāz)
- Kuninaka: 蟻 (akāl)
- Kurima: 蟻 (akal, akaz)
- Minna: 蟻 (akai) (tone class A)
- Ōgami: 蟻 (ffāï) (< *kuro-ari)
- Ōura: 蟻 (hāz)
- Sarahama: 蟻 (akai)
- Sawada: 蟻 (āl, akāl)
- Shimajiri: 蟻 (axaz)
- Tarama: 蟻 (akal) (tone class A)
- Uechi: 蟻 (akāl)
- Uruka: 蟻 (azgara)
- Yonaha: 蟻 (akāz)
- Yaeyama: (< *ari, *ariwa)
- Hateruma: 蟻 (āri) (tone class A)
- Hatoma: 蟻 (āru)
- Ishigaki: 蟻 (āra) (tone class A)
- Kohama: 蟻 (āra)
- Kuroshima: 蟻 (arï)
- Taketomi: 蟻 (ai)
- Yonaguni: 蟻 (aya) (< *ariwa) (tone class C)
From Proto-Japonic *ari (“to be”).
*ari
- to exist, to be
- to have
- Northern Ryukyuan:
- Kikai: 有い (ai)
- Kunigami: 有ん (an)
- Northern Amami Ōshima: 有り (ari)
- Okinawan: 有ん (an)
- Okinoerabu: 有ん (an)
- Southern Amami Ōshima: 有むっ (am)
- Tokunoshima: 有い (ai)
- Yoron: 有ゆん (ayun)
- Southern Ryukyuan:
- Miyako: 有ーㇲ゙ (āz)
- Yaeyama: 有ん (an)
- Yonaguni: 有ん (an)