Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/g-r(j)ap

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

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Etymology

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  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *glyəp (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *g-r(y)ap (Matisoff, STEDT); *g-ryap (Benedict, 1972; Weidert, 1987); *g-ryɑp (Chou, 1972)

Verb

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*g-r(j)ap

  1. to stand

Descendants

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  • Old Chinese:
    (*k.rəp (B-S); *rɯb (ZS), to stand)
    (*ɢʷrəp-s ‹ *ɢʷəʔ-rəp-s ? (B-S); *ɢʷrɯbs (ZS), standing, position, seat)
    • Middle Chinese: (, liɪp); (wèi, ɦɣiuɪH)
      • Modern Mandarin
        • Beijing: (lì, /li⁵¹/); (wèi, /u̯eɪ̯⁵¹/)
      • Cantonese
        • Guangzhou: () /lɐp̚², lɑːp̚²/; (wèi) /wɐi²²/
  • Kamarupan
    • North Assam
      • Tani
        /*rop/ ("stand up, get up") (Sun, 1993)
    • "Naga"
      • Konyak Naga: *gyap (stand) (French, 1983)
  • Himalayish
    • Tibeto-Kanauri
      • Bodic
        • Tibetan
          • Written Tibetan: ཞབས (zhabs, foot (honorific)) (ed.)
      • Tamangic
        *ᴮʰrat, *ᴮʰrap (stand) (Mazaudon, 1994)
    • Kiranti
      *ryap- ~ ryam (stand) (Opgenort, 2011)
  • Jingpho-Asakian
    • Jingpho
      • Jingpho [Kachin]: tsap (stand)
  • Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
    • Lolo-Burmese
      *ʔ-rapᴸ (stand) (Matisoff, 2003)
      • Burmish
      • Proto-Loloish: *ʔ-ryapᴸ (stand up) (Bradley, 1979)
        • Northern Loloish
          • Yi (Liangshan): (hxit, stand, stand up)
        • Central Loloish
          • Lisu (Southern): ꓦꓰꓼ (h̃è̱, stand, stand up, stand straight)

See also

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