Wiktionary

位

位 U+4F4D, 位
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F4D
← 佌
[U+4F4C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 低 →
[U+4F4E]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han characterEdit

位 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿 (OYT), four-corner 20218, composition ⿰亻立)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 98, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 503
  • Dae Jaweon: page 206, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 138, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4F4D

Further readingEdit

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 位

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 位
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Libian (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Clerical script
           
Oracle bone script
 

j18932

Bronze inscriptions
 

b12296

Small seal script
 

s05743

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L36336

 

L36337

 

L36338

 

L36339

 

L21781

 

L21782

 

L21783

 

L21784

 

L21785

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (立) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涖 *rɯːbs, *rɯbs
莅 *rɯbs, *rɯbs
蒞 *rɯbs
位 *ɢʷrɯbs
拉 *ruːb
菈 *ruːb
颯 *sluːb
立 *rɯb
粒 *rɯb
笠 *ɡ·rɯb
砬 *rɯb
岦 *rɯb
苙 *ɡ·rɯb, *ɡrɯb
鴗 *rɯb
雴 *r̥ʰɯb
泣 *kʰrɯb

Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɢʷrɯbs): semantic 亻 (“man”) + phonetic 立 (OC *rɯb, “stand”). Often simply written as 立 in idiomatic expressions such as 即位 (jíwèi) in Western Zhou inscriptions.

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-r(j)ap (“to stand”). Derived from 立 (OC *rɯb). Mei (2012) lists it among the possible nasal-prefixed verb forms (Old Chinese *N-k- > Middle Chinese *ɦ-, possibly forming a stative). Suffixed with a nominalizing *-s, it takes the sense "the place/rank/status one holds".

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • uei5 - vernacular;
  • uei4 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 位
Mandarin Beijing /uei⁵¹/
Harbin /uei⁵³/
Tianjin /vei⁵³/
Jinan /vei²¹/
Qingdao /ve⁴²/
Zhengzhou /uei³¹²/
Xi'an /uei⁴⁴/
Xining /uɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /vei¹³/
Lanzhou /vei¹³/
Ürümqi /vei²¹³/
Wuhan /uei³⁵/
Chengdu /uei¹³/
Guiyang /uei²¹³/
Kunming /uei²¹²/
Nanjing /uəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /ue⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /vei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /uei³⁵/
Hohhot /vei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦui¹³/
Wenzhou /vu²²/
Hui Shexian /ue²²/
Tunxi /ue¹¹/
/y¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /uei⁵⁵/
/uei¹¹/
Xiangtan /uəi²¹/
Gan Nanchang /ui²¹/
Hakka Meixian /vi⁵³/
Taoyuan /vui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐi²²/
Nanning /wɐi²²/
Hong Kong /wɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ui²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /uɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /y⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ui³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ui³³/
Rime
Character 位
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 于愧切
Baxter hwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠiuɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣiuɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦjwiH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣjuiH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣwiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/wiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		wèi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 位
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		wèi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hwijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ]ʷrəp-s/ (< *ɢʷəʔ-rəp-s ?)
English standing, position

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 位
Reading # 1/1
No. 7865
Phonetic
component 		立
Rime
group 		內
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		位
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷrɯbs/

DefinitionsEdit

位

  1. position; location
  2. title; official position
  3. seat; seating
  4. throne; royal seat
  5. rank; grade; status
  6. standard; rule
  7. (honorific) people
  8. (mathematics) digit; place
    三位數／三位数  ―  sān wèi shù  ―  three-digit number
    進位／进位  ―  jìnwèi  ―  to carry (by one or more places)
  9. (often polite) Classifier for persons.
    這位歌手／这位歌手  ―  zhè wèi gēshǒu  ―  this singer
    那位先生  ―  nà wèi xiānshēng  ―  that man
  10. to be situated at; to be located at
  11. to arrange; to set out
  12. (information theory) bit (the smallest unit of storage in a digital computer)
  13. a surname: Wei

SynonymsEdit

  • (location):
Synonyms of 位
  • (title): (literary) 地步 (dìbù), 地位 (dìwèi)
  • (seat):
  • (throne):

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 位

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

位

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
位
い
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 位 (ɦˠiuɪH)

PronunciationEdit

AffixEdit

位(い) • (i) ←ゐ (wi)?

  1. rank, place
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

CounterEdit

位(い) • (-i) ←ゐ (wi)?

  1. rank, place
    第(だい)一(いち)位(い)である。
    Dai-ichi-i de aru.
    To be ranked first.
    二(に)位(い)になる。
    Ni-i ni naru.
    To take second place.
    十(じゅう)位(い)に落(お)ちる。
    Jū-i ni ochiru.
    To drop to tenth place.
  2. decimal place
  3. ghosts

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
位
くらい
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 位 – see the following entry.
【くらい】
[adverb] about, approximately
[adverb] at least, if anything
[noun] grade, rank, standing
[noun] the throne, the crown
[noun] (mathematics) place, position
[noun] being at the point where ...
[suffix] seat, position, rank, grade
(This term, 位, is an alternative spelling (obsolete for adverb) of the above term.)

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 位 (MC ɦˠiuɪH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 윙〮 (Yale: wúy)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 벼슬 (Yale: pyèsùl) 위 (Yale: wùy)

PronunciationEdit

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

位 (eumhun 자리 위 (jari wi))

  1. Hanja form? of 위 (“status, position”). [noun]
  2. Hanja form? of 위 (“rank, place”). [counter]

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

位: Hán Nôm readings: vị[1], vì[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of vị (“location; place”).
  2. chữ Hán form of vị (“position; rank”).
  3. (honorific, formal classifier) chữ Hán form of vị (“person; a/an (important person)”).
  4. (archaic) chữ Hán form of vì (“throne, royal rule”).

CompoundsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ^ Hồ (1976).

ZhuangEdit

NounEdit

位

  1. Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=位&oldid=72666611"