Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľuby

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljáubūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *léwbʰuh₂, from *lewbʰ- (“to love, care, desire”).

Noun

*ľubỳ f

1. love

   Synonym: *ľubь

Declension

Declension of *ľubỳ (hard v-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ľubỳ	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi
genitive	*ľubъ̀ve	*ľubъ̀vu	*ľubъ̀vъ
dative	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vьma, *ľubъ̀vama*	*ľubъ̀vьmъ, *ľubъ̀vamъ*
accusative	*ľubъ̀vь	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi
instrumental	*ľubъ̀vьjǫ, *ľubъ̀vľǭ**	*ľubъ̀vьma, *ľubъ̀vama*	*ľubъ̀vьmī, *ľubъ̀vamī*
locative	*ľubъ̀ve	*ľubъ̀vu	*ľubъ̀vьxъ, *ľubъ̀vaxъ*
vocative	*ľubỳ	*ľubъ̀vi	*ľubъ̀vi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *ľubiti (“to love”)
• *ľubь (“love”)
• *ľubъ (“sweet, pleasant”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: любꙑ (ljuby)
    • Old Ruthenian: любы (ljuby)
    • ⇒ Old East Slavic: любо́вь (ljubóvĭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: любо́въ (ljubóv), лубо́въ (lubóv), лѫбо́въ (lubóv), lubów, любоⷡ (ljuboͮ)
        • Belarusian: любо́ў (ljubóŭ)
        • Carpathian Rusyn: любо́в (ljubóv)
        • Ukrainian: любо́в (ljubóv)
        • → Pannonian Rusyn: любов (ljubov)
      • Russian: любо́вь (ljubóvʹ)
        • → Bulgarian: любо́в (ljubóv)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: любꙑ (ljuby)

  • Macedonian: љубов (ljubov)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: љу́бав

    Latin script: ljúbav

    • Chakavian (Novi): ļūbȁv
    • Chakavian (Orbanići): ljubãf
    • Chakavian (Vrgada): ļūbå̃v
  • Slovene: ljubȃv (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Polabian: ľaibėv