Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьja

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yeh₂. Cognate with Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

Suffix

*-ьja f

1. Denominal, forming collective nouns or abstract nouns with hyperbolic conotation

   *bratrьja / *bratьja (“brothers, brotherhood”) ← *bratrъ / *bratъ (“brother”)

   *čudesьja (“marvel”) ← *čudo (“miracle”)

   *sěmьja

2. (Regional, colloquial) From abstract nouns in *-ota, forming apologetic abstract nouns. Equivalent to *-otьja

Declension

Declension of *-ьja (soft a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ьja	*-ьji	*-ьję̇
genitive	*-ьję̇	*-ьju	*-ьjь
dative	*-ьji	*-ьjama	*-ьjamъ
accusative	*-ьjǫ	*-ьji	*-ьję̇
instrumental	*-ьjejǫ, *-ьjǫ**	*-ьjama	*-ьjami
locative	*-ьji	*-ьju	*-ьjasъ, *-ьjaxъ*
vocative	*-ьje	*-ьji	*-ьję̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

• *-ьje
• *-ja

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьja

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -ьꙗ (-ĭja), -иꙗ (-ija)
    • Old Ruthenian: -иꙗ (-ija), -ьꙗ (-ʹja), -ꙗ (-ja)
      • Belarusian: -'я (-ʺja)
      • Ukrainian: -'я (-ʺja), -я (-ja)
    • Russian: -ья (-ʹja)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: -ьꙗ (-ĭja), -иꙗ (-ija)

    Glagolitic script: -ⱐⱑ (-ĭě), -ⰻⱑ (-iě)

  • Bulgarian: -ия (-ija)
  • Macedonian:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -ија; allomorphic: -ћа (<* -t-ьja), -шћа (<* -st-ьja) -ња (< *-n-ьja), -ља (< *-l-ьja)

    Latin script: -ija; allomorphic: -ća (<* -t-ьja), -šća (<* -st-ьja) -nja (< *-n-ьja), -lja (< *-l-ьja)

  • Slovene:
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech:
    • Czech:
  • Kashubian:
  • Polish: -a
  • Slovak: